Gibraltar
 

 
Gibraltar is a British Overseas Territory located on the southern end of the Iberian Peninsula at the entrance of the Mediterranean. It has an area of 2.3 square miles (6.0 km2) and a northern border with the Province of Cádiz in Andalusia, Spain. The Rock of Gibraltar is the major landmark of the region. At its foot is a densely populated city area, home to almost 30,000 Gibraltarians and other nationalities. An Anglo-Dutch force captured Gibraltar from Spain in 1704 during the War of the Spanish Succession on behalf of the Habsburg pretender to the Spanish throne. The territory was subsequently ceded to Britain "in perpetuity" under the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713. It was an important base for the Royal Navy; today its economy is based largely on tourism, online gambling, financial services, and shipping. The sovereignty of Gibraltar is a major point of contention in Anglo-Spanish relations as Spain asserts a claim to the territory. Gibraltarians overwhelmingly rejected proposals for Spanish sovereignty in a 1967 referendum and again in 2002. In 2002, Gibraltar residents voted overwhelmingly by referendum to reject any "shared sovereignty" arrangement between the UK and Spain; the Government of Gibraltar insists on equal participation in talks between the two countries; Spain disapproves of U.K. plans to grant Gibraltar greater autonomy. Under the Gibraltar constitution of 2006, Gibraltar governs its own affairs, though some powers, such as defence and foreign relations, remain the responsibility of the UK Government. Capital: Gibraltar. Motto: "Montis Insignia Calpe" (Latin) [Badge of the Rock of Gibraltar].
 
               29 Apr 711   Muslim rule; named Jabal al-Tariq ("Mountain of
                             Tarik").
 12 Sep 1309 - 17 Jun 1333  Occupied by Castile.
               20 Aug 1462  Conquered by Castile; comarca de Campo Llano de
                             Gibraltar established, it is part of the estates of the
                             the duke of Medina Sidonia from 1467 (Gibraltar). 
               22 Dec 1501  Becomes a Spanish crown possession.
               24 Jul 1704  British occupy Gibraltar (Fortress of Gibraltar).
 03 Sep 1704 - 31 Mar 1705  Under siege by Spain.
               13 Jul 1713  Spain cedes Gibraltar to Britain in perpetuity by the
                             Treaty of Utrecht.
 22 Feb 1727 - 23 Jun 1727  Under siege by Spain.
               09 Nov 1729  Cession confirmed by Treaty of Seville.
               16 Mar 1731  Cession confirmed by Treaty of Vienna.
               18 Oct 1748  Cession confirmed by Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle.
               10 Feb 1763  Cession confirmed by Treaty of Paris.
 24 Jun 1779 - 07 Feb 1783  Final "great siege" by Spain and France.
               03 Sep 1783  Cession confirmed by Treaty of Versailles
               20 Jun 1830  British crown colony (Crown Colony of Gibraltar).
               10 Sep 1967  Referendum endorses (by 99.6%) British sovereignty.
               18 Dec 1968  United Nations resolution 2429 calls for the
                             "decolonization" of Gibraltar.
               30 May 1969  Autonomy granted (City of Gibraltar). Constitution Order.
 08 Jun 1969 - 15 Dec 1982  Border crossing and other links closed by Spain
                             (fully reopened on 05 Feb 1985).
               02 Jan 2007  Constitution Order.

 

 
Gibraltar (Djebel Tariq) is the northern "Pillar of Hercules", near the extreme southern end of Spain.
  • The Caliphate..............................................711 - 755
  • Cordoba....................................................755 - 1035/6
  • Malaga..................................................1035/6 - 1057/8
  • Granada.................................................1057/8 - 1090
  • Morocco...................................................1090 - 1238
  • Granada...................................................1238 - 1309
  • Castile...................................................1309 - 1333
  • Granada...................................................1333 - 1464
  • Castile, and Spain........................................1464 - 1700
  • Great Britain.............................................1700 - date
  • Military Commander
  • Sir George Rooke...................................24 Jul July - 04 Aug 1704
  • He died in 1709.
  • Governors
  • Prince Georg of Hesse-Darmstadt....................04 Aug 1704 - 14 Sep 1705
    • Deputy Governor
    • Henry Nugent, Count of Valdesoto..............06 Aug 1704 - Nov 1704
    • John Shrimpton................................24 Dec 1704 - 24 Dec 1707
  • Roger Elliott (Milit. Cmdr. from 1706).............24 Dec 1707 - 24 Jan 1711
  • Thomas Stanwix.....................................24 Jan 1711 - 07 Aug 1713
  • David Colyear, Earl of Portmore....................07 Aug 1713 - 20 Oct 1720
  • Richard Kane.......................................20 Oct 1720 - 02 Feb 1727
  • Jasper Clayton.....................................02 Feb 1727 - 13 May 1730
  • Joseph Sabine......................................15 May 1730 - 24 Oct 1739
  • Francis Columbine (acting).........................24 Oct 1739 - 22 Apr 1740
  • William Hargrave...................................22 Apr 1740 - 1749
  • Sir Humphrey Bland........................................1749 - 31 May 1754
  • Thomas Fowke.......................................31 May 1754 - 12 Jul 1756
  • James O'Hara, Earl of Tyrawley.....................12 Jul 1756 - 16 Apr 1757
  • William Home, Earl of Home.........................16 Apr 1757 - 28 Apr 1761
  • John Toovey (acting)...............................28 Apr 1761 - 13 Jun 1761
  • John Parslow (acting)..............................13 Jun 1761 - 14 Jun 1761
  • Edward Cornwallis..................................14 Jun 1761 - Jan 1776
  • Robert Boyd (acting)...............................16 Jan 1776 - 25 May 1777
  • George Justus Eliott...............................25 May 1777 - 06 Jul 1790
  • He was known from 14 Jun 1787 as Baron Heathfield of Gibraltar. George Augustus Eliott, 1st Baron Heathfield, PC, KB (b. 25 December 1717 at Roxburghshire, Scotland – d. 06 July 1790 at Aachen, Germany) was a British Army officer who served in three major wars during the eighteenth century. Eliott served as ADC to King George II between 1756 and 1759 during Great Britain in the Seven Years War in which he was raised to Colonel. He took part in the Capture of Belle Île in 1761. He was 2nd-in-charge at the capture of Havana during the 1762 British expedition against Cuba for which he received a significant amount of prize money. He was promoted Lieutenant-General in 1765. On 06 March 1775 he was made a Privy Counsellor and temporarily appointed commander of Forces in Ireland. Eliott is most notable for his command of the Gibraltar garrison during the Great Siege of Gibraltar (24 June 1779 – 07 February 1783), unsuccessful attempt by Spain and France, during the American War of Independence. He was celebrated for his successful defense of the fortress.
  • Sir Robert Boyd (2nd time)............................Jul 1790 - 13 May 1794
  • He was acting to 16 Oct 1790.
  • Charles Rainsford..................................13 May 1794 - 30 Dec 1795
  • Charles O'Hara.....................................30 Dec 1795 - 25 Feb 1802
  • Charles Barnett....................................25 Feb 1802 - 10 May 1802
  • Edward Augustus, Duke of Kent......................24 May 1802 - 23 Jan 1820
  • Prince Edward, a younger son of George III, was Queen Victoria's father.
    • Sir Thomas Trigge (acting dep.)...............02 May 1803 - 17 Dec 1804
    • Henry Edward Fox (acting dep.)................18 Dec 1804 - Jun 1806
    • James Drummond (1st time acting dep.).........28 Jun 1806 - Nov 1806
    • Sir Hew Whitefoord Dalrymple (acting dep.).......Nov 1806 - Aug 1808
    • James Drummond (2nd time acting dep.)............Aug 1808 - May 1809
    • Sir John Francis Cradock (acting dep.)...........May 1809 - Aug 1809
    • John Smith (acting dep.).........................Aug 1809 - Oct 1809
    • Alex McKenzie Fraser (acting dep.)...............Oct 1809 - Nov 1809
    • Sir Colin Campbell (acting dep.).................Nov 1809 - 02 Apr 1814
    • Sir George Don (1st time acting dep.).........03 Apr 1814 - 15 Nov 1821
  • John Pitt, Earl of Chatham.........................29 Jan 1820 - 24 Sep 1835
    • Sir George Don (2nd time acting dep.).........07 Jun 1825 - 10 May 1831
    • Sir William Houstoun (acting dep.)............10 May 1831 - 29 May 1835
  • Lieutenant Governor
  • Sir Alexander George Woodford......................28 Feb 1835 - 01 Sep 1836
  • Governor
  • Sir Alexander George Woodford (continued)..........01 Sep 1836 - 11 Oct 1842
  • Sir Robert Thomas Wilson...........................11 Oct 1842 - 12 Dec 1848
  • Sir Robert William Gardiner........................12 Dec 1848 - 26 Jul 1855
  • Sir James Fergusson................................26 Jul 1855 - 05 May 1859
  • Sir William John Codrington........................05 May 1859 - 21 Sep 1865
  • Sir Richard Airey (acting).........................21 Sep 1865 - 25 Jul 1870
  • Sir William Fenwick Williams of Kars...............25 Jul 1870 - 23 Jun 1876
  • Robert Cornelis Napier, Bn. Napier of Magdala......23 Jun 1876 - 03 Jan 1883
  • Sir John Miller Adye...............................03 Jan 1883 - 02 Nov 1886
  • Sir Arthur Edward Hardinge.........................02 Nov 1886 - 23 Aug 1890
  • Sir Leicester Curzon Smyth.........................23 Aug 1890 - 27 Jan 1891
  • Henry Richard Legge Newdigate (acting).............27 Jan 1891 - 31 Mar 1891
  • Sir Lothian Nicholson..............................31 Mar 1891 - 27 Jun 1893
  • George Joseph Smart (acting).......................27 Jun 1893 - 07 Aug 1893
  • Sir Robert Biddulph................................07 Aug 1893 - 22 May 1900
  • Sir George Stuart White............................22 May 1900 - 01 Aug 1905
  • Sir Frederick William Edward Forestier Forestier-Walker...1905 - 30 Jul 1910
  • He served from 01 Aug 1905.
  • Sir Archibald Hunter...............................30 Jul 1910 - 11 Jul 1913
  • Sir Herbert Scott Gould Miles......................11 Jul 1913 - 09 Jul 1918
  • Sir Horace Lockwood Smith-Dorrien..................09 Jul 1918 - 26 May 1923
  • Sir Charles Carmichael Monro.......................16 May 1923 - 13 Aug 1928
  • Sir Alexander John Godley..........................13 Aug 1928 - 13 May 1933
  • Sir Charles Harington Harington....................13 May 1933 - 12 Aug 1938
  • Sir Edmund Ironside................................12 Aug 1938 - 11 Jul 1939
  • Sir Clive Gerard Liddell...........................11 Jul 1939 - 14 May 1941
  • John Standish Surtees Prendergast Vereker..........14 May 1941 - 31 May 1942
  • He is known as Viscount Gort.
  • Noel Mason-MacFarlane..............................31 May 1942 - 14 Feb 1944
  • He is known from 06 Aug 1943 as Sir Noel Mason-MacFarlane.
  • Sir Ralph Eastwood.................................14 Feb 1944 - 08 Feb 1947
  • Sir Kenneth Arthur Noel Anderson...................08 Feb 1947 - 23 Apr 1952
  • Sir George Holmes Alexander MacMillan of MacMillan.23 Apr 1952 - 06 May 1955
  • Sir Harold Redman..................................06 May 1955 - 16 Apr 1958
  • Sir Charles Frederic Keightley.....................16 Apr 1958 - 08 Jun 1962
  • Sir Alfred Dudley Ward.............................08 Jun 1962 - 05 Aug 1965
  • Sir Gerald William Lathbury........................05 Aug 1965 - Mar 1969
  • Self-governing dependency Governors of the UK
  • Sir Varyl Cargill Begg................................Mar 1969 - 03 Oct 1973
  • Sir John Grandy....................................03 Oct 1973 - 30 May 1978
  • Sir William Jackson................................30 May 1978 - 26 Oct 1982
  • Sir David Williams.................................26 Oct 1982 - 19 Nov 1985
  • Sir Peter Terry....................................19 Nov 1985 - Dec 1989
  • Sir Derek Reffell.....................................Dec 1989 - Mar 1993
  • Sir John Chapple......................................Apr 1993 - 05 Dec 1995
  • Sir Hugo White.....................................05 Dec 1995 - 19 Feb 1997
  • Sir Richard Luce...................................24 Feb 1997 - 05 Apr 2000
  • David Durie........................................05 Apr 2000 - 16 May 2003
  • He is known from 01 Jan 2003 as Sir David Durie.
  • David Blunt (acting)...............................16 May 2003 - 27 May 2003
  • Sir Francis Richards...............................27 May 2003 - 17 Jul 2006
  • Philip Barton (acting).............................17 Jul 2006 - 27 Sep 2006
  • Sir Robert Fulton..................................27 Sep 2006 - 21 Oct 2009
  • Lesley Pallett (female - acting)...................21 Oct 2009 - 26 Oct 2009
  • Sir Adrian James Johns.............................26 Oct 2009 - 13 Nov 2013
  • Alison MacMillan (female - 1st time acting)........13 Nov 2013 - 06 Dec 2013
  • Sir James Dutton...................................06 Dec 2013 - 28 Sep 2015
  • Alison MacMillan (female - 2nd time acting)........28 Sep 2013 - 19 Jan 2016
  • Edward Davis.......................................19 Jan 2016 - 18 Feb 2020
  • Nick Pyle (acting).................................18 Feb 2020 - date
  • Chief Ministers
  • Sir Joshua Hassan (1st time).......................11 Aug 1964 - 06 Aug 1969
  • Robert Peliza......................................06 Aug 1969 - 25 Jun 1972
  • Sir Joshua Hassan (2nd time).......................25 Jun 1972 - 08 Dec 1987
  • Adolfo Canepa......................................08 Dec 1987 - 25 Mar 1988
  • Joe Bossano........................................25 Mar 1988 - 17 May 1996
  • Peter Caruana......................................17 May 1996 - 09 Dec 2011
  • Fabian Picardo.....................................09 Dec 2011 - date
  • On 17 October 2019, in parliamentary elections, the alliance of the Gibraltar Socialist Labour Party and Gibraltar Liberal Party wins 52.5% of the vote (10 of 17 seats [GSLP 7, GLP 3]), the Gibraltar Social Democrats 25.6% (6), and Together Gibraltar 20.5% (1). Turnout is 70.9%.
 
Victoria coinage (1841-1842, 1860-1861)
Monetary standard: The real was the official currency of Gibraltar until 1825 and continued to circulate alongside other Spanish and British currencies until 1898.
After the Anglo-Dutch occupied Gibraltar in 1704, the Spanish real continued to circulate in the town. However, no distinction was made between the silver (de plata) and billon (de vellón) reales issued by the Spanish (1 real de plata = 2 reales de vellón before 1737, 2½ after), providing a substantial profit for the army officers making payments to troops.
In 1741, the following rates of exchange were established: 2 blancas = 1 maravedi, 4 maravedíes = 1 quarto or quart, 16 quartos = 1 real de vellón, 8 reales de vellón = 1 peso sencillo ("current" dollar), 10 reales de vellón = 1 peso fuerte ("hard" dollar, also known as the Spanish dollar). These roughly doubled the value of the real de vellón relative to its value in Spain. Much of the currency in circulation was in the form of copper coins, since the low value of silver coins relative to billon lead to most silver being exported from Gibraltar to Spain. Copper merchants' tokens denominated in quarts were issued between 1802 and 1820.
In 1825, the relative values of the various circulating coins were revised and pegged to the British pound. The real de plata was subdivided into 24 quarts, valuing the real de plata at 96 maravedíes compared to 85 in Spain. The Spanish dollar was valued at 4 shillings and 4 pence and British silver coins were imported. However, because this rating of the dollar was too high, British silver coins could not circulate, although British coppers did, with an informal valuation of 1 quart = 1 farthing (actually 1 quart = 11⁄12 farthings). This discrepancy was also exploited to the profit of army officers making payments to troops. In 1872, however, the Spanish currency became the sole legal tender in Gibraltar.
In 1841 Proof coins were made in ½ (without Date), 1 and 2 quarts denominations. For regular circulation 1842 coins were issued in ½, 1 and 2 quarts denominations. A total of 387,072 quarts worth of coins were issued (equal to 2016 dollars or £436 16s), allowing soldiers wages to be paid in quarts rather than pence. Other coins continued to circulate, however, until 1872. In that year, the Spanish currency became the sole legal tender in Gibraltar. In 1898, the Spanish–American War made the Spanish peseta drop alarmingly and the pound was introduced as the sole currency of the colony, initially in the form of British coins and banknotes.
 
1842

KM#1 Half Quart. Year: 1842. Weight: 2.63g. Metal: Copper. Edge: Plain. Diameter: 17.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: N/A. Obverse: Queen Victoria's portrait facing left in the center. "VICTORIA D:G: BRITANNIAR: REGINA F:D:" written around Queen Victoria's portrait clockwise. Date at the bottom. 
Reverse: "GIBRALTAR" written at the top. Castle with three towers (turrets) in the center and hanging key below it. Value "HALF QUART" written at the bottom. Mintage: 387,000. Minted Years: ND (1841) in Proof only, 1842 and 1861 Proof. Engraver: William Wyon (Victoria portrait side). Issuer: James Spittle's
 
 
Elizabeth II coinage (1967-date)
Monetary standard: Currencies: The Gibraltar pound (currency sign: £; banking code: GIP) is the currency of Gibraltar. It is pegged to – and exchangeable with – the British pound sterling at par value. Gibraltar pound coins are minted notes printed by the Government of Gibraltar.
In 1898, the British pound was made sole legal tender, although the Spanish peseta continued in circulation until the Spanish Civil War. Since 1927, Gibraltar has issued its own banknotes and since 1988, its own coins. The since repealed Currency Notes Act 1934, conferred on the Government of Gibraltar the right to print its own notes. Gibraltar decimalised in 1971 at the same time as the UK, replacing the system of 1 pound = 20 shillings = 240 pence with one of 1 pound = 100 (new) pence.
 
1967
 

KM#4 1 crown (25 pence). Year: 1967. Weight: 28.19g [28.28g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: British Royal Mint. Obverse: "GIBRALTAR" written on the upper part. Castle in the center. Key below castle divides date. One dot on each side. Value "ONE CROWN" written at the bottom section. Reverse: Queen Elizabeth II's portrait facing right in the center. "QUEEN ELIZABETH II" written on the left side clockwise. "D·G·REGINA" written on the right side clockwise. Mintage: 125,000. Minted Years: 1967-1970. Engravers: Arnold Machin (Elizabeth portrait side).
 
1969
 

Same as KM#4 mentioned above, but...

Year: 1969. Weight: 28.12g [28.28g]. Mintage: 40,000.

 
1970
 

Same as KM#4 mentioned above, but...

Year: 1970. Weight: 28.41g [28.28g]. Mintage: 40,000.

 
1971
Gibraltar’s celebrated Barbary Ape, the last monkey to be found in a wild state in Europe, is featured on the colony’s first decimal crown, released in 1971.
 

KM#5 25 pence. Year: 1971. Weight: 28.34g [28.28g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: British Royal Mint. Obverse: Queen Elizabeth II's portrait facing right in the center. "ELIZABETH II" written on left side clockwise. "D·G·REGINA" on the right side clockwise. Date at the bottom. Reverse: "GIBRALTAR" written at the top section. Barbary Ape (Macaca sylvanus) sitting and looking left in the center. Value "· 25 NEW PENCE ·" written at the bottom section. Mintage: 75,000. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: 25th years of Queen Elizabeth II's reign. Engravers: Arnold Machin (Elizabeth portrait side) and Christopher Ironside (Value side).

Note: This coin also exits in 0.500 silver as KM#5a (Mintage: 50 Frosted Proof and 20,000 Proof) with same weight and diameter.

 
1972
 

KM#6 One Crown. Year: 1972. Weight: 28.44g [28.28g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Royal Canadian Mint. Obverse: "GIBRALTAR" written at the left side clockwise. "ELIZABETH II" written at the right side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth II's portrait facing right in the center. "· 1972 ·" written at the bottom. Reverse: "SILVER WEDDING ANNIVERSARY" written at the top section. Arms of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip in the center with year "1947" above and "1972" below it. Value ": 25 NEW PENCE :" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: 25th Wedding Anniversary of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip. Engravers: Arnold Machin (Elizabeth portrait side) and Stuart Devlin (Value side).

Note: This coin also exits in 0.9250 silver as KM#6a (Mintage: 15,000) with same weight and diameter.

 
1977
 

KM#10 25 pence. Year: ND (1977). Weight: 27.92g [28.28g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: British Royal Mint. Obverse: "GIBRALTAR" written at the top. Gibraltar shield within wreath of apes and laurel. Value "TWENTY FIVE PENCE" written at the bottom section. Reverse: Queen Elizabeth II's portrait facing right in the center. "QUEEN ELIZABETH THE SECOND 1952-1977" written around her clockwise. Mintage: 65,000. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: 25th years of Queen Elizabeth II's reign. Engravers: Arnold Machin (Elizabeth portrait side) and Christopher Ironside (Value side).

Note: This coin also exits in 0.9250 silver as KM#10a (Mintage: 24,000) with same weight and diameter.

 
1980
 

KM#11 One Crown. Year: 1980. Weight: 28.54g [28.28g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: British Royal Mint. Obverse: "GIBRALTAR" written at the left side clockwise. "ELIZABETH II" written at the right side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth II's portrait facing right in the center. "· 1980 ·" written at the bottom. Reverse: Queen Elizabeth II mother's portrait facing left in the center with mountain and water in the background. "80th BIRTHDAY OF H.M. QUEEN ELIZABETH THE QUEEN MOTHER" written around her clockwise. "· ONE CROWN ·" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: 80th birthday of Queen Elizabeth II's mother. Engravers: Arnold Machin (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: This coin also exits in 0.9250 silver as KM#11a (Mintage: estimated 25,000) with same weight and diameter.

KM#12 One Crown. Year: 1980. Weight: 28.14g [28.28g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: British Royal Mint. Obverse: "GIBRALTAR" written at the left side clockwise. "ELIZABETH II" written at the right side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth II's portrait facing right in the center. "· 1980 ·" written at the bottom. Reverse: "NELSON 1758-1805" written on flying banner at the top. Head of Nelson looking left with ship in background in the center. Value "ONE CROWN" written at the lower left side. Mintage: 100,000 (estimated). Minted Years: One year type. Subject: 175th Death Anniversary of Nelson 1805-1980. Engravers: Arnold Machin (Elizabeth portrait side) and Philip Nathan (Value side).

Note: This coin also exits in 0.9250 silver as KM#12a (Mintage: estimated 15,000) with same weight and diameter.

Vice Admiral Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson, 1st Duke of Bronté KB (29 September 1758 – 21 October 1805) was a British flag officer in the Royal Navy. He was noted for his inspirational leadership, superb grasp of strategy, and unconventional tactics, all of which resulted in a number of decisive naval victories, particularly during the Napoleonic Wars. He was wounded several times in combat, losing one arm in the unsuccessful attempt to conquer Santa Cruz de Tenerife and the sight in one eye in Corsica. He was shot and killed during his final victory at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805.

 
1981
 

KM#14 One Crown. Year: 1981. Weight: 28.21g [28.28g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: British Royal Mint. Obverse: "GIBRALTAR" written at the left side clockwise. "ELIZABETH II" written at the right side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth II's portrait facing right in the center. "· 1981 ·" written at the bottom. Reverse: "ROYAL WEDDING" written at the left side. Gibraltar shield at the top. Value "ONE CROWN" written at the top right side. Royal couple together, Prince Charles (right) and Princess Lady Diana (left) in the center. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: Wedding of Prince Charles and Lady Diana Spencer on 29 July 1981 (held at St Paul's Cathedral, London). Engravers: Arnold Machin (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: This coin also exits in 0.9250 silver as KM#14a (Mintage: estimated 30,000) with same weight and diameter.

 
1988
In 1988, coins in denominations of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 and 50 pence and 1 pound were introduced which bore specific designs for and the name of Gibraltar. They were the same sizes and compositions as the corresponding British coins, with 2 pound coins introduced in 1999. A new coin of 5 pounds was issued in 2010 with the inscription "Elizabeth II · Queen of Gibraltar". This issue caused controversy in Spain, where the title of King of Gibraltar historically corresponds to the crown of Castile.
From 1988 onwards, the Pobjoy Mint issues coins with different mintmarks, such as "AA", "AB", etc., in an attempt to make them more collectable. The dieletters are only found on the Value side of the coins as a pair of dieletter next to one another. The uppercase letters used take their distinctive style from Hiberno-Norse runes. A to H, the main letters used are illustrated below. 

These are production batch codes. Uncirculated base metal coins gets "AA", "AB", "AC", "AD", "AE", "AF", "AG" and "BA". Base metal proof will be "BB", "BC", etc. Platinum proof gets "B", gold proof has "C", while "D" and "E" are for silver proof, and "F" means silver BU, so one can easily distinguish the different materials and finishes even if their colour is similar and the gross weight is the same. "BA" was introduced in 1988 for circulation quality base metal coins produced for collectors. The "BB" in fact is considered as base metal Proof (Diamond Finish). "PMM" which combines the mintmark "PM" with the year date "MM" as the roman numerals are seen on 2000 coins.

Variations in Dietletters: The dieletter pairs of this series are of course found on the normal strike pieces on every type from 1988 to 2003. However, of note is the fact that the dieletter pairs are known to wander. The same dieletters in some coins are titled right downwards, straight side by side, straight but the right one slightly below or straight but the right one slightly above. There might is many examples but in my collection you can observe such difference as below:

  • KM#112 10 pence 1993 AA [dieletters are straight but the right one slightly below and another variety with dieletters are straight side by side on same level].
  • KM#776 10 pence 1998 AA [dieletters are straight but the right one slightly above and another variety with dieletters are straight side by side on same level].
  • KM#775 5 pence 2000 AA [dieletters are straight but the right one slightly below and another variety with dieletters are titled right downwards].
  • KM#777 20 pence 2000 AA [dieletters are straight but the right one slightly below and another variety with dieletters are straight side by side on same level].
 

KM#20 Penny. Year: 1988 AA. Weight: 3.61g [3.57g]. Metal: Bronze. Edge: Plain. Diameter: 20.32 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "GIBRALTAR" with date written at the right side clockwise. 

Reverse: Numeral "1" written at the right top side. Barbary partridge facing left in the center. Dot on both sides. Value "ONE PENNY" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: 1988AA, 1988AB, 1988AC, 1988AD, 1988AE, 1989AA, 1989AB, 1989AC, 1989AD, 1989AE, 1989AF, 1990AA, 1990AB, 1991AA, 1991AB, 1991AC, 1992AA, 1992BB, 1993AA, 1993BB, 1994AA, 1995AA and 1995AB. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side) and Alfred Ryman (Value side).

Note: The dieletters are at below of the stem end on the left side and above O in ONE.

KM#21 2 pence. Year: 1988 AA. Weight: 7.07g [7.12g]. Metal: Bronze. Edge: Plain. Diameter: 25.91 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint.
Dieletters: AA.
Obverse: "ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "GIBRALTAR" with date written at the right side clockwise. Reverse: Value "TWO PENCE" written at the top. Numeral "2" written at the right top side. Lighthouse on Europa Point in the center. Mintage: 2,225,000. Minted Years: 1988AA, 1988AB, 1988AC, 1988AD, 1988AE, 1989AA, 1989AB, 1989AC, 1989AD, 1989AE, 1989AF, 1990AA, 1990AB, 1991AA, 1991AB, 1992AA, 1992BB, 1993AA, 1993BB, 1994AA and 1995AA. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side) and Alfred Ryman (Value side).

Note: The dieletters are at bottom on Value side.

Same as KM#21 mentioned above, but...

Year: 1988 AC. Weight: 7.03g [7.12g]. Mintage: N/A. 

 

Dieletters: AC.

KM#16 20 Pence. Year: 1988 AD. Weight: 4.88g [5.00g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Plain. Diameter: 21.40 mm; 7-sided. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "ELIZABETH II" written at the top. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "GIBRALTAR" with Date written at the bottom.

Note: unlisted dieletters "AD" under 1988 in Krause Publications.

Reverse: Value "TWENTY" written at the top left side and "PENCE" on the top right side. Our Lady of Europa in the center with "OUR LADY" written on the left side clockwise and "OF EUROPA" written on the right side clockwise. Numeral "20" written at bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: 1988 AA (including Proof), 1988 AB, 1988 AC, 1988 AD, 1989 AA, 1990 AA, 1991 AA, 1992 AA, 1993 AA, 1994 AA, 1995 AA (including Proof), 1996 AA and 1997 AA. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side) and Alfred Ryman (Value side).

Note: The dieletters are below "A" in word "LADY".

 
1990
 

KM#46 One Crown. Year: 1990. Weight: 28.58g [28.47g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: ""ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "GIBRALTAR" with date written at the right side clockwise. Reverse: Head of Queen Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon 3/4 facing left in the center circle with year "1900" on the left side and year "1980" on the right side. "QUEEN ELIZABETH THE QUEEN MOTHER" written around the outside center circle clockwise. Value "· 1 CROWN ·" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: 80th Birthday of Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother 1900-1980. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: KM#46a exists in 0.925 Silver with same weight and diameter (Mintage: 30,000 estimated), as KM#46b exists in 0.999 Gold with weight 6.22 grams (Mintage: 5,000 estimated) and KM#46c exists in 0.995 Platinum with weight 6.22 grams (Mintage: 1,000 estimated).

 
1991
 

Same as KM#21 mentioned above, but...

Year: 1991 AB. Weight: 7.21g [7.12g]. Mintage: N/A.  

Note: The dieletters are at bottom on Value side.

 

KM#23.1 10 Pence. Year: 1991 AB. Weight: 11.51g  [11.50g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 28.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "GIBRALTAR" with date written at the right side clockwise. 

Reverse: "TEN PENCE" written at the top. Numeral "10" written at the center top left side. Moorish Castle in the center. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: 1988AA, 1988AB, 1989AA, 1989PM AB, 1989PM AC, 1989PM AD, 1990AA, 1990AB, 1990AC, 1991AA and 1991AB. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side) and Alfred Ryman (Value side).

Note: The dieletters are at bottom on Value side.

KM#84 One Crown. Year: 1991. Weight: 28.54g [28.47g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: ""ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "GIBRALTAR" with date written at the right side clockwise. Reverse: Head of Prince Charles 3/4 facing left in the center. "10TH WEDDING" written on the left side clockwise. "ANNIVERSARY" written on the right side clockwise. Value "· 1 CROWN ·" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: 10th Wedding anniversary of Prince Charles and Lady Diana Spencer on 29 July 1981 - 29 July 1991. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: KM#84a exists in 0.925 Silver with same weight and diameter (Mintage: 30,000 estimated) and as KM#84b exists in 0.999 Gold with weight 6.22 grams (Mintage: 5,000 estimated).

KM#85 One Crown. Year: 1991. Weight: 28.54g [28.47g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: ""ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "GIBRALTAR" with date written at the right side clockwise. Reverse: Head of Princess Lady Diana 3/4 facing right in the center. "10TH WEDDING" written on the left side clockwise. "ANNIVERSARY" written on the right side clockwise. Value "· 1 CROWN ·" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: 10th Wedding anniversary of Prince Charles and Lady Diana Spencer on 29 July 1981 - 29 July 1991. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: KM#85a exists in 0.925 Silver with same weight and diameter (Mintage: N/A) and as KM#85b exists in 0.999 Gold with weight 6.22 grams (Mintage: N/A).

 
1992
 

KM#22a 5 Pence. Year: 1992 AA. Weight: 3.29g [3.25g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 18.00 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "GIBRALTAR" with date written at the right side clockwise.
Reverse: Value "FIVE PENCE" written at the top. Barbary ape (Macaca sylvanus) in the center with Gibraltar candytuft (Iberis gibraltarica) plant on it's bottom both sides. Numeral "5" written at bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: 1990AA, 1990AB, 1991AA, 1991AB, 1992AA, 1992AB, 1993AA, 1993AB, 1994AA, 1995AA, 1996AA and 1997AA. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side) and Alfred Ryman (Value side).

Note: The dieletters are below the feet of the ape, top left side of Value "5".

The famous monkey (Macaca sylvanus) originates from the African Atlas mountains and was probably brought to Gibraltar 1000 yrs ago by the moors. The candytuft (Iberis gibraltarica) is the national flower of the Rock.

KM#112 10 Pence. Year: 1992 AA. Weight: 6.49g [6.50g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 24.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "GIBRALTAR" with date written at the right side clockwise.

Reverse: Six stars at in the top section. Euro port with water flowing in the center. Numeral "10" written below Euro port dividing "EURO PORT" legends. Six stars at in the bottom section. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: 1992AA, 1993AA, 1995AA, 1996AA, 1996PM BB and 1997AA. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: The dieletters are at bottom left side of EURO written.

KM#103 One Crown. Year: 1992. Weight: 28.38g [28.47g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: ""ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "GIBRALTAR" with date written at the right side clockwise. Reverse: Cocker Spaniel dog face in the center. Value "· 1 CROWN ·" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: Dog coin series. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: KM#103a exists in 0.925 Silver with same weight and diameter (Mintage: N/A).

Cocker Spaniels are dogs belonging to two breeds of the spaniel dog type: the American Cocker Spaniel and the English Cocker Spaniel, both of which are commonly called simply Cocker Spaniel in their countries of origin. In the early 20th century, Cocker Spaniels also included small hunting Spaniels. Cocker Spaniels were originally bred as hunting dogs in the United Kingdom, with the term cocker deriving from their use to hunt the Eurasian woodcock. When the breed was brought to the United States, it was bred to a different standard, which enabled it to specialize in hunting the American woodcock. Further physical changes were bred into the cocker in the United States during the early part of the 20th century.

 
1993
 

Same as KM#112 mentioned above, but...

Year: 1993 AA. Weight: 6.53g [6.50g]. Mintage: N/A. 

dieletters are straight but the right one slightly below.

Same as above coin but dialetters are written in different position. Weight: 6.50g [6.50g].
dieletters are straight side by side on same level.
 
1994
 

KM#23.2 10 Pence. Year: 1994 AA. Weight: 6.51g [6.50g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 24.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "GIBRALTAR" with date written at the right side clockwise.

Reverse: "TEN PENCE" written at the top. Numeral "10" written at the center top left side. Moorish Castle in the center. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: 1994AA (One year type). Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side) and Alfred Ryman (Value side).

Note: The dieletters are at bottom on Value side.

 
1995
 

KM#327 One Crown. Year: 1995. Weight: 28.51g [28.47g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: ""ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "GIBRALTAR" with date written at the right side clockwise. Reverse: "THE TALE OF PETER RABBIT" written at the top section. Rabbit running right in the center. Value "1 CROWN ·" written at the bottom. Dot is missing on the left side of the Value. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: The Tale of Peter Rabbit coin series. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: KM#327a exists in 0.925 Silver with same weight and diameter (Mintage: 30,000 estimated).

Peter Rabbit is a fictional animal character in various children's stories by Beatrix Potter. He first appeared in The Tale of Peter Rabbit in 1902 and subsequently in five more books between 1904 and 1912. Spinoff merchandise includes dishes, wallpaper, and dolls. He appears as a character in a number of adaptations. The rabbits in Potter's stories are anthropomorphic and wear human clothes: Peter wears a jacket and shoes. Peter, his mother, Mrs. Josephine Rabbit, as well as his sisters, Flopsy, Mopsy, and Cotton-tail live in a rabbit hole that has a human kitchen, human furniture, as well as a shop where Mrs. Rabbit sells various items. Peter's relatives are Cousin Benjamin Bunny and Benjamin's father Mr. Benjamin Bunny. Peter Rabbit was named after a pet rabbit Beatrix Potter had as a child called Peter Piper. The first Peter Rabbit story, The Tale of Peter Rabbit, was originally created in 1893 as a letter to Noel Moore, the five-year-old son of Potter's former governess, Annie Moore. The boy was ill and Potter wrote him a picture and story letter to help him pass the time and to cheer him up. The letter included sketches illustrating the narrative. In June 1903, a trade edition of the tale was published by Frederick Warne & Co, and by the end of the year, 28,000 copies were in print. Over the years, The Tale of Peter Rabbit has sold more than 40 million copies worldwide and as of 2008, the Peter Rabbit series has sold more than 151 million copies in 35 languages.

KM#329 One Crown. Year: 1995. Weight: 28.56g [28.47g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: ""ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "GIBRALTAR" with date written at the right side clockwise. Reverse: "ISLAND GAMES GIBRALTAR" written at the top section. Various athletes around shield in the center. Value "· 1 CROWN ·" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: Island Games 1995 two coin series. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: KM#329a exists in 0.925 Silver with same weight and diameter (Mintage: 30,000 estimated).

The 1995 Island Games were the sixth Island Games, and were held in the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar at Main venue: Victoria Stadium, from 15 July to 22 July 1995. The Government of Gibraltar furnished Lathbury Barracks with 1,000 bunkbeds to accommodate the competing athletes. The Royal Navy had previously used the barracks as a training camp. Athletes participating: 1214 from 18 Participating Islands in this tournament [Alderney, Åland, Faroe Islands, Gibraltar, Gotland, Greenland, Guernsey, Iceland, Isle of Man, Isle of Wight, Jersey, Orkney Islands, Saaremaa, Shetland Islands, Ynys Môn/Anglesey (Wales)]. Jersey won the Medal list table while Gibraltar was on 9th place.

KM#331 One Crown. Year: 1995. Weight: 28.47g [28.47g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: ""ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "GIBRALTAR" with date written at the right side clockwise. Reverse: "ISLAND GAMES GIBRALTAR" written at the top section. Various athletes around shield in the center. Value "· 1 CROWN ·" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: Island Games 1995 two coin series. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: KM#331a exists in 0.925 Silver with same weight and diameter (Mintage: 30,000 estimated).

 
1996
 

Same as KM#22a mentioned above, but...

Year: 1996 AA. Weight: 3.28g [3.25g].  Mintage: N/A.  

Note: The dieletters are below the feet of the ape, top left side of Value "5".

KM#358 One Crown. Year: 1996. Weight: 28.53g [28.47g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: ""ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "GIBRALTAR" with date written at the right side clockwise. Reverse: "· TO LIFE ·" written at the top left side and on top right side in Hebrew. Variety of symbols including Rock of Gibraltar and keys with synagogue within broken circle in the center. Value "· 1 CROWN ·" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: Nefusot Yehuda Synagogue Renovation. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: KM#358a exists in 0.925 Silver with same weight and diameter (Mintage: 30,000 estimated).

Nefusot Yehuda Synagogue (aka La Esnoga Flamenca/Flemish Synagogue) is an active Jewish place of worship on 65 Line Wall Road in Gibraltar, Location cordinates: 36.13912°N 5.35461°W. This new synagogue came about because some thought that Moroccan traditions had begun to dominate the services at the Great Synagogue. Some members of the congregation chose to establish a new synagogue which would adhere to the more formal Dutch customs. The late eighteenth century was a time of prosperity in Gibraltar. Subsequently, the congregants were able to afford the $26,300 (nearly £3,000) cost of Gibraltar's next synagogue. The new place of worship was built in a garden and closely resembled the Amsterdam Sephardi synagogue, known as the Portuguese Synagogue. It was entitled Nefusot Yehudah (English: The Dispersed of Judah), and opened in 1799 or 1800. It is commonly known as the Flemish Synagogue (Spanish: Esnoga Flamenca). An example of the lengths to which the congregation went to maintain Dutch traditions lies in the nature of their marriage contracts. The members of the Flemish Synagogue utilised sheets from a book with numbered pages for their marriage contracts, rather than the hand-illuminated parchment documents that were customary in Gibraltar. The interior of the building was destroyed by fire in 1913. The architect who was responsible for its reconstruction was an Italian who was more familiar with the architecture of Catholic churches. As a result, the Flemish Synagogue has a beige, Dutch exterior and an Italian interior, with marble, and a reading desk incorporated into the ark for the Torah, instead of being positioned in the centre of the building. After 1945, Moroccan tiles were installed in the interior of the synagogue, which has ornately patterned ceilings and walls. The only remnant of the original garden is a single palm tree in the synagogue's courtyard.

KM#359 One Crown. Year: 1996. Weight: 28.36g [28.47g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: ""ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "GIBRALTAR" with date written at the right side clockwise. Reverse: EURO 96 logo at the top. Net and soccer player with 16 stars in the center. Value "1 CROWN" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: Euro Soccer 96 tournament at England. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: KM#358a exists in 0.925 Silver with same weight and diameter (Mintage: 30,000 estimated).

The 1996 UEFA European Football Championship, commonly referred to as Euro 96, was the 10th UEFA European Championship, a quadrennial football tournament contested by European nations. It took place in England from 08 to 30 June 1996. It was the first European Championship to feature 16 finalists, following UEFA's decision to expand the tournament from eight teams. Games were staged in eight cities and, although not all games were sold out, the tournament holds the European Championship's second-highest aggregate attendance (1,276,000) and average per game (41,158) for the 16-team format, surpassed only in 2012. Germany won the tournament, beating the Czech Republic 2–1 in the final with a golden goal during extra time; this was the first major competition to be decided using this method. This was also Germany's first major title won as a unified nation.

KM#373 One Crown. Year: 1996. Weight: 28.37g [28.47g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: ""ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "GIBRALTAR" with date written at the right side clockwise. Reverse: Roses flower in the center. Value "1 CROWN" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: Flower coin series. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: KM#373a exists in 0.925 Silver with same weight and diameter (Mintage: 30,000 estimated).

A rose is a woody perennial flowering plant of the genus Rosa, in the family Rosaceae, or the flower it bears. There are over a hundred species and thousands of cultivars. They form a group of plants that can be erect shrubs, climbing or trailing with stems that are often armed with sharp prickles. Flowers vary in size and shape and are usually large and showy, in colours ranging from white through yellows and reds. Most species are native to Asia, with smaller numbers native to Europe, North America, and northwestern Africa. Species, cultivars and hybrids are all widely grown for their beauty and often are fragrant. Roses have acquired cultural significance in many societies. Rose plants range in size from compact, miniature roses, to climbers that can reach seven meters in height. Different species hybridize easily, and this has been used in the development of the wide range of garden roses.

 
1997
 

Same as KM#112 mentioned above, but...

Year: 1997 AA. Weight: 6.58g [6.50g]. Mintage: N/A. 

KM#39.1 50 Pence. Year: 1997 AA. Weight: 7.98g [8.00g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Plain. Diameter: 27.30 mm; 7-sided. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "GIBRALTAR" with date written at the right side clockwise.
Reverse: Five Bottlenose Dolphins surround numeral "50" in the center. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: 1997AA (One year type). Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side) and Leslie Lindsay (Value side).

Note: The dieletters are at bottom on Value side.

KM#514 One Crown. Year: 1997. Weight: 28.38g [28.47g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: ""ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "GIBRALTAR" with date written at the right side clockwise. Reverse: "· PEACOCK ·" written at the top. Two peacocks, one with tail spread in the center. Value "· 1 CROWN ·" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: KM#514a exists in 0.925 Silver with same weight and diameter (Mintage: 30,000 estimated).

KM#525 One Crown. Year: 1997. Weight: 28.48g [28.47g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: ""ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "GIBRALTAR" with date written at the right side clockwise. Reverse: "THE TALE OF PETER RABBIT" written at the top section. Rabbit standing 3/4 right in the center. Value "· 1 CROWN ·" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: The Tale of Peter Rabbit coin series. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: KM#525a exists in 0.925 Silver with same weight and diameter (Mintage: 30,000 estimated).

KM#540 One Crown. Year: 1997. Weight: 28.23g [28.47g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: ""ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "GIBRALTAR" with date written at the right side clockwise. Reverse: Three Peonies in the center. Value "1 CROWN" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: Flower coin series. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: KM#540a exists in 0.925 Silver with same weight and diameter (Mintage: 30,000 estimated).

The peony or paeony is a flowering plant in the genus Paeonia, the only genus in the family Paeoniaceae. They are native to Asia, Europe and Western North America. Scientists differ on the number of species that can be distinguished ranging from 25 to 40, although the current consensus is 33 known species. The relationships between the species need to be further clarified. Most are herbaceous perennial plants 0.25–1 metre (0.82–3.28 ft) tall, but some are woody shrubs 0.25–3.5 metres (0.82–11.48 ft) tall. They have compound, deeply lobed leaves and large, often fragrant flowers, in colors ranging from purple red to white or yellow, in late spring and early summer.

KM#571 One Crown. Year: 1997. Weight: 28.60g [28.47g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: ""ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "GIBRALTAR" with date written at the right side clockwise. Reverse: Two Moorish cavalry riders on horses. One carrying a sword while the another Saudi Arabia's flag. A Mosque shown in the background. Value "1 CROWN" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: A new mosque built in Gibraltar by Saudi Arabia. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).

KM#571a One Crown. Year: 1997. Weight: 28.46g [28.47g]. Metal: 0.925 Silver. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: ""ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "GIBRALTAR" with date written at the right side clockwise. Reverse: Two Moorish cavalry riders on horses. One carrying a sword while the another Saudi Arabia's flag. A Mosque shown in the background. Value "1 CROWN" written at the bottom. Mintage: 30,000 (estimated). Minted Years: One year type. Subject: A new mosque built in Gibraltar by Saudi Arabia. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).

The Ibrahim-al-Ibrahim Mosque, also known as the King Fahd bin Abdulaziz al-Saud Mosque or the Mosque of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, is a mosque located at Europa Point in the British overseas territory of Gibraltar, a peninsula connected to southern Spain. The mosque faces south towards the Strait of Gibraltar and the African country of Morocco several miles away. The building was a gift from King Fahd of Saudi Arabia and took two years to build at a cost of around £5 million. It was officially inaugurated on 8 August 1997. When the building was opened there was over sixty limousines and impressive security measures. It is the southernmost mosque in continental Europe, and is one of the largest mosques in a non-Muslim country. The mosque complex also contains a school, library, and lecture hall. It is the only purpose-built mosque in Gibraltar to serve the Muslims in the territory who number over 1,000: around 4% of Gibraltar's total population.

KM#584 One Crown. Year: 1997. Weight: 28.37g [28.47g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: ""ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "GIBRALTAR" with date written at the right side clockwise. Reverse: "EVOLUTION OF MANKIND" written at the top section. Star of David, MOSES carrying book and TEMPLE OF SOLOMON in the center. "ISRAELITE CIVILISATION JUDAISM" written underlined above the Value. Value "1 CROWN" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: Part of Evolution of Mankind Gibraltar coin series 1997. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: 12 coins in Copper-Nickel exists in this "EVOLUTION OF MANKIND" 1997 coin series.

 
1998
 

KM#776 10 Pence. Year: 1998 AA. Weight: 6.52g [6.50g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 24.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "GIBRALTAR" written at the left side clockwise. "ELIZABETH II" written at the right side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. Date written at the bottom left side.

Reverse: Six stars at in the top section. Euro port with water flowing in the center. Numeral "10" written below Euro port dividing "EURO PORT" legends. Six stars at in the bottom section.

Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: 1998AA, 1999AA, 2000AA, 2001AA, 2001AB, 2001AC, 2001AE, 2002AC and 2003AA. Engravers: Ian Rank-Broadley (Elizabeth portrait side).

dieletters are straight side by side on same level.
Note: The dieletters are at bottom left side of EURO written. "PM" written at the bottom of the coin.

Same as above coin but dialetters are written in different position. Weight: 6.47g [6.50g].
dieletters are straight but the right one slightly above.

KM#656 One Crown. Year: 1998. Weight: 28.38g [28.47g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: ""ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "GIBRALTAR" with date written at the right side clockwise. Reverse: "THE TALE OF PETER RABBIT" written at the top section. Peter Rabbit walking forward with sparrow at the ground on the left side in the center. Value "· 1 CROWN ·" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: The Tale of Peter Rabbit coin series. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: KM#656a exists in 0.925 Silver with same weight and diameter (Mintage: 30,000 estimated).

KM#661 One Crown. Year: 1998. Weight: 28.65g [28.47g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: ""ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "GIBRALTAR" with date written at the right side clockwise. Reverse: Three Chrysanthemum blossoms in the center. Value "1 CROWN" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: Flower coin series. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: KM#661a exists in 0.925 Silver with same weight and diameter (Mintage: 30,000 estimated).

Chrysanthemums sometimes called mums or chrysanths, are flowering plants of the genus Chrysanthemum in the family Asteraceae. They are native to Asia and northeastern Europe. Most species originate from East Asia and the center of diversity is in China. There are countless horticultural varieties and cultivars.

KM#682 One Crown. Year: 1998. Weight: 28.45g [28.47g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: ""ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "GIBRALTAR" with date written at the right side clockwise. Reverse: "PADDINGTON BEAR" written at the top. Bear with suitcase walking right in the center. Value "1 CROWN" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: In the memory of Paddington Bear. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: KM#682a exists in 0.925 Silver with same weight and diameter (Mintage: 30,000 estimated).

Paddington Bear is a fictional character in children's literature. He first appeared on 13 October 1958 and has been featured in more than twenty books written by Michael Bond and illustrated by Peggy Fortnum and other artists. The friendly bear from deepest, darkest Peru with his old hat, battered suitcase (complete with a secret compartment, enabling it to hold more items than it would at first appear), duffle coat and love of marmalade has become a classic character from English children's literature. Paddington books have been translated into 30 languages across 70 titles and sold more than 30 million copies worldwide. A much loved fictional character in British culture, a Paddington Bear soft toy was chosen by British tunnellers as the first item to pass through to their French counterparts when the two sides of the Channel Tunnel were linked in 1994.

KM#768 One Crown. Year: 1998. Weight: 28.53g [28.47g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: ""ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "GIBRALTAR" with date written at the right side clockwise. Reverse: "THE GIBRALTAR REGIMENT NEW COLOURS 1st JULY 1998" written outside around the center circle. Soldier presenting keys, flags and crowned arms in the center. Value "~ 1 CROWN ~" written at the bottom outside the center circle. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: The Gibraltar Regiment New Colors. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: KM#768a exists in 0.925 Silver with same weight and diameter (Mintage: 30,000 estimated).

KM#799 One Crown. Year: 1998. Weight: 28.33g [28.47g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: ""ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "GIBRALTAR" with date written at the right side clockwise. Reverse: "THE WORLD AT WAR" written at the top. General Dwight D. Eisenhower portrait in the center left side with French North African invasion scene at right in the background (OPERATION TORCH). Value "1 CROWN" written at the bottom outside the center circle. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: The Gibraltar Regiment New Colors. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: KM#799a exists in 0.925 Silver with same weight and diameter (Mintage: 10,000 estimated).

Operation Torch (initially called Operation Gymnast; Location French Morocco and French Algeria) was the British-American invasion of French North Africa during the North African Campaign of the Second World War which started on 08 November 1942. The Soviet Union had pressed the United States and United Kingdom to start operations in Europe and open a second front to reduce the pressure of German forces on the Soviet troops. While the American commanders favored Operation Sledgehammer, landing in Occupied Europe as soon as possible, the British commanders believed that such a course would end in disaster. An attack on French North Africa was proposed instead, which would clear the Axis powers from North Africa, improve naval control of the Mediterranean Sea, and prepare for an invasion of Southern Europe in 1943. The U.S. President, Franklin Delano Roosevelt (32nd President of the United States: 04 March 1933 – 12 April 1945), suspected the African operation would rule out an invasion of Europe in 1943 but agreed to support the British Prime Minister Winston Churchill. The campaign in North Africa was designated Operation Torch and was planned underground within the Rock of Gibraltar. Eisenhower was the first non-British person to command Gibraltar in 200 years. Later Dwight David "Ike" Eisenhower became 34th President of the United States from 20 January 1953 to 20 January 1961.

 
1999
 

KM#773 Penny. Year: 1999 AA. Weight: 3.55g [3.56g]. Metal: Copper plated Steel. Edge: Plain. Diameter: 20.32 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "GIBRALTAR" written at the left side clockwise. "ELIZABETH II" written at the right side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. Date written at the bottom left side.

Reverse: Numeral "1" written at the right top side. Barbary partridge facing left in the center. One dot on each side. Value "ONE PENNY" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: 1998AA, 1999AA, 2000AA, 2001AA, 2002AA and 2003AA. Engravers: Ian Rank-Broadley (Elizabeth portrait side) and Alfred Ryman (Value side).

Note: The dieletters are at below of the stem end on the left side and above O in ONE.

Same as KM#776 mentioned above, but...

Year: 1999 AA. Weight: 6.56g [6.50g]. Mintage: N/A.

KM#783.1 One Crown. Year: 1999. Weight: 28.44g [28.47g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: ""ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "GIBRALTAR" with date written at the right side clockwise. Reverse: "1999 THE YEAR IF THE RABBIT" written at the top section. Rabbit reading Peter Rabbit book while sparrow watching in the center. Chinese characters on the left side of the Rabbit. Value "· 1 CROWN ·" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: 1999 Chinese Year of Rabbit. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: KM#783.1a exists in 0.925 Silver with same weight and diameter (Mintage: 10,000 estimated). KM#783.2 in Copper-Nickel and KM#783.2a in 0.925 Silver exists without Chinese characters.

KM#797 5 Pounds. Year: 1999 AA. Weight: 20.00g [20.00g]. Metal: Virenium (Cu 81%, Zn 10%, Ni 9%). Edge: Reeded with three small plain patches. Diameter: 36.10 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "GIBRALTAR" written at the left side clockwise. "ELIZABETH II" written at the right side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. Date written at the bottom left side. Reverse: "MILLENNIUM 2000" written at the top. Sundial, digital clock face, candle and traditional clock face in the center. Value "5 POUNDS" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: 1999 AA (One year type). Engravers: Ian Rank-Broadley (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: The dieletters are at bottom left side where numeral "5" is written. "PM" written above "O" in "POUNDS" within center circle.

KM#797a 5 Pounds. Year: 1999. Weight: 10.00g [10.00g]. Metal: Titanium. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 36.10 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "GIBRALTAR" written at the left side clockwise. "ELIZABETH II" written at the right side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. Date written at the bottom left side. Reverse: "MILLENNIUM 2000" written at the top. Sundial, digital clock face, candle and traditional clock face in the center. Value "5 POUNDS" written at the bottom. Mintage: 25,000. Minted Years: One year type. Engravers: Ian Rank-Broadley (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: No dieletters on this coin. "PM" written above "O" in "POUNDS" within center circle.

This coin also exits in 0.925 Silver as KM#797b (Mintage: 5,000) with weight: 28.28g and diameter: 36.10 mm.

 
2000
 

Same as KM#773 mentioned above, but...

Year: 2000 AA. Weight: 3.56g [3.56g]. Mintage: N/A.

Note: "PMM" written between the tail of the bird and stem end on the right side, as combination of "PM and MM" instead of "PM" because of Millennium issue.

KM#774 2 pence. Year: 2000 AA. Weight: 7.12g [7.12g]. Metal: Copper plated Steel. Edge: Plain. Diameter: 25.91 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "GIBRALTAR" written at the left side clockwise. "ELIZABETH II" written at the right side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. Date written at the bottom left side.
Reverse: Value "TWO PENCE" written at the top. Numeral "2" written at the right top side. Lighthouse on Europa Point in the center. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: 1998AA, 1999AA, 1999AB, 2000AA, 2001AA, 2001AB and 2003AA. Engravers: Ian Rank-Broadley (Elizabeth portrait side) and Alfred Ryman (Value side).

Note: The dieletters are at bottom left side on Value side. "PMM" written below the water line on the right side, as combination of "PM and MM" instead of "PM" because of Millennium issue.

KM#775 5 Pence. Year: 2000 AA. Weight: 3.25g [3.25g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 18.00 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "GIBRALTAR" written at the left side clockwise. "ELIZABETH II" written at the right side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. Date written at the bottom left side.
Reverse: Value "FIVE PENCE" written at the top. Barbary ape (Macaca sylvanus) in the center with Gibraltar candytuft (Iberis gibraltarica) plant on it's bottom both sides. Numeral "5" written at bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: 1998AA, 1999AA, 2000AA, 2001AA, 2001AB, 2002AB and 2003AA. Engravers: Ian Rank-Broadley (Elizabeth portrait side) and Alfred Ryman (Value side).

Note: The dieletters are below the feet of the ape, top left side of Value "5". This type has dieletters straight but the right one slightly below. "PMM" written at the bottom right side as combination of "PM and MM" instead of "PM" because of Millennium issue.

Same as KM#775 mentioned above, but the dieletters are titled right downwards.

Weight: 3.27g [3.25g]. Mintage: N/A. 

Same as KM#776 mentioned above, but...

Year: 2000 AA. Weight: 6.50g [6.50g]. Mintage: N/A.

"PMM" written at the bottom as combination of "PM and MM" instead of "PM" because of Millennium issue.

KM#777 20 Pence. Year: 2000 AA. Weight: 5.00g [5.00g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Plain. Diameter: 21.40 mm; 7-sided. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "GIBRALTAR" written at the left side clockwise. "ELIZABETH II" written at the right side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. Date written at the bottom.
Reverse: Value "TWENTY" written at the top left side and "PENCE" on the top right side. Our Lady of Europa in the center with "OUR LADY" written on the left side clockwise and "OF EUROPA" written on the right side clockwise. Numeral "20" written at bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: 1998AA, 1999AA, 2000AA, 2001AA, 2001AB, 2002AA and 2003AA. Engravers: Ian Rank-Broadley (Elizabeth portrait side) and Alfred Ryman (Value side).

Note: The dieletters are below "A" in word "LADY". "PMM" written at the above left side of Numeral "20" as combination of "PM and MM" instead of "PM" because of Millennium issue. This coin type has dieletters straight side by side.

Same as KM#777 mentioned above, but the dieletters are straight but the right one slightly below.

Weight: 4.98g [5.00g]. Mintage: N/A.  

KM#778 50 Pence. Year: 2000 AA. Weight: 8.00g [8.00g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Plain. Diameter: 27.30 mm; 7-sided. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "GIBRALTAR" written at the left side clockwise. "ELIZABETH II" written at the right side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. Date written at the bottom left side.
Reverse: Five Bottlenose Dolphins surround numeral "50" in the center. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: 1998AA, 1999AA, 2000AA, 2001AA, 2001AB, 2002AA, 2003AB and 2003AD. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side) and Leslie Lindsay (Value side).

Note: The dieletters are at bottom on Value side. "PMM" written below the numeral "50" as combination of "PM and MM" instead of "PM" because of Millennium issue.

KM#869 1 Pound. Year: 2000 AA. Weight: 9.50g [9.50g]. Metal: Nickel-Brass. Edge: Plain and Reeded; 3 patches each. Diameter: 20.32 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "GIBRALTAR" written at the left side clockwise. "ELIZABETH II" written at the right side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. Date written at the bottom left side.
Reverse: "ONE POUND" written at the top. Gibraltar coats and arms (castle and key) in the center. "MONTIS INSIGNIA CALPE" written in the bottom banner. One dot on each side of the coin. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: 1998AA, 1999AA, 2000AA, 2001AA, 2001AB, 2002AA, 2002AB and 2002AC. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: The dieletters are beside the left side dot. "PMM" written at besides the right dot as combination of "PM and MM" instead of "PM" because of Millennium issue.

KM#764 2 Pounds. Year: 2000 AA. Weight: 12.00g [12.00g]. Metal: Bi-Metallic; Copper-Nickel in center and Nickel-Brass in ring. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 28.40 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "GIBRALTAR" written on the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "ELIZABETH II" written on the right side clockwise. Date at the bottom. One dot at the top and one dot on each side of the date.
Reverse: "· THE LABOURS OF HERCULES ·" written on the top section. Hercules with cow and three devils shot by one arrow in the center circle. "THE CATTLE OF GERYON" written on the top left side within the center circle. Value "2 POUNDS" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: 2000 without dieletters and 2000 AA. Engravers: Ian Rank-Broadley (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: The dieletters are at bottom left side below the bar in the center. "PMM" is written below the backfoot leg below the bar line as combination of "PM and MM" instead of "PM" because of Millennium issue. The £2 coin has featured a new design every year since its introduction, as it depicts each of the 12 Labours of Hercules.

KM#878 5 Pounds. Year: 2000 AA. Weight: 20.00g [20.00g]. Metal: Virenium (Cu 81%, Zn 10%, Ni 9%). Edge: Reeded with three small plain patches. Diameter: 36.10 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "GIBRALTAR" written at the left side clockwise. "ELIZABETH II" written at the right side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. Date written at the bottom left side. Reverse: Numeral "60" written on top section within airplane engine smokes. Spitfire airplane flying left in the left center part. "ANNIVERSARY BATTLE OF BRITAIN 1940-2000" written within four lines on the right side of the airplane. Value "5 POUNDS" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: 2000 AA (One year type). Subject: 60th anniversary of Battle of Britain 1940-2000. Engravers: Ian Rank-Broadley (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: The dieletters are at bottom left side where numeral "5" is written. "PMM" is written at the bottom right side as combination of "PM and MM" instead of "PM" because of Millennium issue.

This coin also exits in

  • KM#878a 0.925 Silver (Estimated Mintage: 10,000) with weight: 28.28g and diameter: 36.10 mm.

  • KM#878b 0.916 Gold (Estimated Mintage: 850) with weight: 39.83g and diameter: 36.10 mm.

KM#885 5 Pounds. Year: 2000. Weight: 10.00g [10.00g]. Metal: Blue Titanium. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 36.10 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "GIBRALTAR" written at the left side clockwise. "ELIZABETH II" written at the right side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. Date written at the bottom left side. Reverse: "160TH ANNIVERSARY" written at the left side clockwise. "OF THE" written at the top. "UNIFORM PENNY POST" written on the right side clockwise. Postage stamp of Mauritius with value Two Pence design having Queen Victoria portrait in the center. Value "5 POUNDS" written at the bottom. Mintage: 15,000. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: 160th anniversary of the uniform Penny Post. Engravers: Ian Rank-Broadley (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: No dieletters on this coin.

 
2001
 

Same as KM#775 mentioned above, but...

Year: 2001 AA. Weight: 3.25g [3.25g]. Mintage: N/A.

The dieletters are titled right downwards on this coin.

Same as KM#776 mentioned above, but...

Year: 2001 AA. Weight: 6.53g [6.50g]. Mintage: N/A.

KM#927 One Crown. Year: 2001. Weight: 28.35g [28.28g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.60 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. "GIBRALTAR" with Date written at the right side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth II's portrait facing right in the center. Reverse: "MYTHOLOGY OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM" written in the top section. Standing goddess with snake basket erupting all planets. "THE SOLAR SYSTEM" written on the left side of the goddess. Value "1 CROWN" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: The Solar System. Engravers: Arnold Machin (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: This coin also exits in 0.9250 silver as KM#927a (Mintage: estimated 10,000) with same weight and diameter and also as KM#928 Bi-Metallic Titanium center and Silver ring with diameter: 32.25 mm.

This coin is a part of "Mythology of the solar system" containing issue on Sun, Moon, Earth, Neptune, Jupiter, Mars, Mercury, Uranus, Saturn, Pluto, Venus and the Solar system (12 coin set in CuNi and the same design in silver set as well). The Silver set also includes two additional coins; Sun with fiery hologram and earth containing a small pearl set.

KM#953 5 Pounds. Year: 2001 AA. Weight: 20.00g [20.00g]. Metal: Virenium (Cu 81%, Zn 10%, Ni 9%). Edge: Reeded with three small plain patches. Diameter: 36.10 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "GIBRALTAR" written at the left side clockwise. "ELIZABETH II" written at the right side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. Date written at the bottom left side. Reverse: "BICENTENARY OF THE CHRONICLE" written at the top. Gibraltar coats and arms below it containing "MONTIS INSIGNIA CALPE" on the banner. Naval battle scene with newspaper in background. "THE GIBRALTAR CHRONICLE" written above the ships in the center. "TRAFALGAR 1803" written below the ships. Value "FIVE POUNDS" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: 2001 AA (One year type). Subject: Gibraltar Chronicle of 200 Years. Engravers: Ian Rank-Broadley (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: The dieletters are at bottom left side where numeral "FIVE" is written. "PM" is written at the bottom right side.

This coin also exits as KM#953a 0.925 Silver (Estimated Mintage: 10,000) with weight: 23.50g and diameter: 36.10 mm.

 
2003
 

KM#1036 1 Pound. Year: 2003 AA. Weight: 9.52g [9.50g]. Metal: Nickel-Brass. Edge: Plain and Reeded; 3 patches each. Diameter: 20.32 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "GIBRALTAR" written at the left side clockwise. "ELIZABETH II" written at the right side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. Date written at the bottom left side.
Reverse: "· AMICUS · CHRISTI · GEORGIUS ·" written at the top. St. George on the horse killing the dragon in the center. Value "£1" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: 2003AA (One year type). Engravers: Ian Rank-Broadley (Elizabeth portrait side) and Benedetto Pistrucci (Value side).

Note: The dieletters are at the left side below the rough surface. "PM" written at right side below the rough surface.

 
2004
In 2004 the Government of Gibraltar minted a new edition of its coins to commemorate the tercentenary of British Gibraltar (1704-2004).
 

KM#1049 5 Pence. Year: 2004. Weight: 3.31g [3.25g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 18.00 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse:  "ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. "GIBRALTAR" with Date written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center.
Reverse: Year "1704" written on top left side and "2004" written at top right side. British Royal Sceptre in the center. "CONSTITUTION ORDER 1969" written in two lines on the left side in smaller fonts. Numeral "5" written at the bottom. "FIVE" written at the bottom left side and "PENCE" at the bottom right side. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side) and Philip Nathan (Value side). Subject: 300th Anniversary of British Occupation.

KM#1047 10 Pence. Year: 2004. Weight: 6.57g [6.50g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 24.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. "GIBRALTAR" with Date written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center.
Reverse: Year "1704-2004" written on the top. Three military officers planning Operation Torch 1942 in the center. "OPERATION TORCH 1942" written in two lines below the military officers. Numeral "10" written at the bottom. "TEN" written at the bottom left side and "PENCE" at the bottom right side. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side) and Philip Nathan (Value side). Subject: 300th Anniversary of British Occupation.

KM#1048 20 Pence. Year: 2004. Weight: 4.99g [5.00g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Plain. Diameter: 21.40 mm; 7-sided. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. "GIBRALTAR" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. Date at the bottom.
Reverse: Year "1704-2004" written on the top. Skull facing right in the center. "DISCOVERY OF NEANDERTHAL SKULL IN GIBRALTAR 1848" written in four lines below the skull. Numeral "20" written at the bottom. "TWENTY" written at the bottom left side and "PENCE" at the bottom right side. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side) and Philip Nathan (Value side). Subject: 300th Anniversary of British Occupation.
 
2005
 

KM#1083 20 Pence. Year: 2005. Weight: 5.00g [5.00g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Plain. Diameter: 21.40 mm; 7-sided. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. "GIBRALTAR" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. Date at the bottom.
Reverse: "TWENTY PENCE" written on the top. Keys of Gibraltar in the center. Numeral "20" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: 2005-2011. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side) and Philip Nathan (Value side).

One Crown. Year: 2005. Weight: 28.31g [28.47g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Plain. Diameter: 38.60 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. "GIBRALTAR" with Date written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. Reverse: "A ROYAL YEAR" written in banner on the top. Queen Elizabeth II giving trophy to a young lady while an elder man watches in the background in the center and "Royal Ascot" written below it. Value "ONE CROWN" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: A Royal Year of 2005. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).

One Crown. Year: 2005. Weight: 28.64g [28.47g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Plain. Diameter: 38.60 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. "GIBRALTAR" with Date written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. Reverse: "A ROYAL YEAR" written in banner on the top. Queen Elizabeth II standing with a senior Guard person watching Guard march in the center and "Trooping the Colour" written below it. Value "ONE CROWN" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: A Royal Year of 2005. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).
 
2006
 

KM#1082 10 Pence. Year: 2006. Weight: 6.50g [6.50g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 24.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. "GIBRALTAR" with Date written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center.
Reverse: Value "TEN PENCE" written on the top. Canon pointing down in the center. "THE GREAT SIEGE 1779-1783" written in two lines below the Canon. Numeral "10" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: 2005-2011. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side) and Philip Nathan (Value side).

Note: The Koehler Depressing Carriage was a novel type of gun carriage invented in 1782 by Lt George Frederick Koehler of the Royal Artillery. It was devised to enable cannons to be fired at a steeply downward-facing angle and was made necessary by the peculiar circumstances that the British Army faced during the Great Siege of Gibraltar between 1779–83.

One Crown. Year: 2006. Weight: 28.49g [28.47g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Plain. Diameter: 38.60 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. "GIBRALTAR" with Date written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. Reverse: "80 GLORIOUS YEARS" written on the top. "EIIR" written in the center with four different portraits of Queen Elizabeth II at different ages. Value "ONE CROWN" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: 80th Birthday of Queen Elizabeth II (1926-2006). Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).
 
2007
 

KM#1080 2 pence. Year: 2000 AA. Weight: 7.11g [7.12g]. Metal: Copper plated Steel. Edge: Plain. Diameter: 25.91 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "ELIZABETH II" written at left side clockwise. "GIBRALTAR" written at the right side clockwise with Date "2007". Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center.

Reverse: "DIAMOND WEDDING" written at the top. Conjoined busts of Elizabeth and Philip, facing right in the center. Value "TWO 2 PENCE" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: 1998AA, 1999AA, 1999AB, 2000AA, 2001AA, 2001AB and 2003AA. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).

 
2010
 

Schön#1452 50 Pence. Year: 2010. Weight: 8.08g [8.00g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Plain. Diameter: 27.00 mm; 7-sided. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. "GIBRALTAR" with Date written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center.
Reverse: "CHRISTMAS" written on the top. A Partridge is sitting in the center of the Pear tree. Numeral "50" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).
 
2012
 

KM#1099 / Schön#1456 Penny. Year: 2012. Weight: 3.50g [3.56g]. Metal: Copper plated Steel. Edge: Plain. Diameter: 20.32 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. "QUEEN OF GIBRALTAR" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. Date at the bottom.
Reverse: Numeral "1" written at the right top side. Barbary partridge facing left in the center. Value "ONE PENNY" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: 2012-2013. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side) and Alfred Ryman (Value side).

KM#1065 2 pence. Year: 2012. Weight: 7.23g [7.12g]. Metal: Copper plated Steel. Edge: Plain. Diameter: 25.91 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. "QUEEN OF GIBRALTAR" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. Date at the bottom.
Reverse: Value "TWO PENCE" written on the top. Three military officers planning Operation Torch 1942 in the center. "OPERATION TORCH 1942" written in two lines below the military officers. Numeral "2" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: 2005-2012. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side) and Philip Nathan (Value side).

Note: My coin is slightly off-flan from value side and feels like blades when touching the border on the left side.

KM#1101 / Schön#1458 5 Pence. Year: 2012. Weight: 3.30g [3.25g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 18.00 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. "QUEEN OF GIBRALTAR" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. Date at the bottom.
Reverse: Numeral "5" written at the top. Barbary ape (Macaca sylvanus) in the center. Value "FIVE PENCE" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: 2012-2013. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf  (Elizabeth portrait side) and Alfred Ryman (Value side).

KM#1102 / Schön#1459 10 Pence. Year: 2012. Weight: 6.56g [6.50g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 24.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. "QUEEN OF GIBRALTAR" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. Date at the bottom.

Reverse: Value "TEN PENCE" written on the top. Canon pointing down in the center. "THE GREAT SIEGE 1779-1783" written in two lines below the Canon. Numeral "10" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: 2012-2013. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side) and Philip Nathan (Value side).

KM#1103 20 Pence. Year: 2012. Weight: 4.95g [5.00g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Plain. Diameter: 21.40 mm; 7-sided. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. "QUEEN OF GIBRALTAR" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. Date at the bottom.

Reverse: "TWENTY PENCE" written on the top. Keys of Gibraltar in the center. Numeral "20" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: 2012-2013. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side) and Philip Nathan (Value side).

Schön#1472 50 Pence. Year: 2012. Weight: 8.17g [8.00g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Plain. Diameter: 27.00 mm; 7-sided. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. "QUEEN OF GIBRALTAR" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. Date at the bottom.

Reverse: "CHRISTMAS" written on the top. Three bells attached to Ribbon in the center. Numeral "50" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).

 
2013
 

50 Pence. Year: 2013. Weight: 7.91g [8.00g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Plain. Diameter: 27.00 mm; 7-sided. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. "QUEEN OF GIBRALTAR" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. Date at the bottom.
Reverse: "CHRISTMAS" written on the top. Santa Claus cart flying right upwards between stars in the center. Numeral "50" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).

3 Pounds. Year: 2013. Weight: 11.91g [12.00g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Plain. Diameter: 31.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. "QUEEN OF GIBRALTAR" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. Date at the bottom. Reverse: "TRACTATUS PACIS & AMICITIÆ INTER TREATY OF PEACE AND FRIENDSHIP" written in four lines on a paper in the center. "GIBRALTAR BRITISH FOREVER" written in three lines below it. Year "1713" written at below center left corner. "·300TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE TREATY OF UTRECHT·" written in circular form near the border around the papers. Value "THREE POUNDS" written at the bottom in the banner. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).

 
2014
 

5 Pence. Year: 2014. Weight: 3.24g [3.25g]. Metal: Nickel plated Steel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 18.00 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. "QUEEN OF GIBRALTAR" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. Date at the bottom.
Reverse: Value "FIVE PENCE" written at the top. Dama de Noche (cestrum nocturnum) flower in the center Numeral "5" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: 2014-2016. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf  (Elizabeth portrait side).

50 Pence. Year: 2014. Weight: 8.02g [8.00g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Plain. Diameter: 27.00 mm; 7-sided. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. "QUEEN OF GIBRALTAR" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. Date at the bottom.
Reverse: "FIFTY PENCE" written on the top. Barbary ape (Macaca sylvanus) in the center. Numeral "50" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: 2014-2016. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).

1 Pound. Year: 2014. Weight: 9.46g [9.50g]. Metal: Nickel-Brass. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 20.32 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "GIBRALTAR" written at the left side clockwise. "ELIZABETH II" written at the right side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. Date written at the bottom left side.
Reverse: Value "ONE POUND" written at the top. Dragon Tree in the center. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: 2014-2016. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).
 
 
EUROPEAN CURRENCY UNITS Coinage
These coins were made from 1991 to 1996. Initial issues were having dual denomination (using 2.8 ECUS = 2 Pounds ratio).
 

KM#485 14 ECUS. Year: 1994. Weight: 10.26g. Metal: 0.925 Silver. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 30.00 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. "GIBRALTAR" with Date written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. Reverse: Tower Bridge of London and Effiel Tower of Paris in circle with train exiting tunnel. 12 stars in circular form near the border. Value "· 21 ECUS ·" written at the bottom. Mintage: 15,000 (estimated). Minted Years: One year type. Subject: Opening of the Euro Tunnel on 06 May 1994. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: Groupe Eurotunnel SE manages and operates the Channel Tunnel between Britain and France including the vehicle shuttle services, and earns revenue on other trains (DB Schenker freight and Eurostar passenger) through the tunnel. The company was formed on 13 August 1986 with the objective of financing, building and operating a tunnel between Great Britain and France. It is listed on both the Euronext London and Euronext Paris markets, and was listed on the London Stock Exchange until 19 July 2012. The company is based in Paris. The railway operation has 50.45 kilometres (31.35 mi) of double track railway in the main tunnels, plus extensive surface level terminal facilities at Folkestone in the United Kingdom, and at Coquelles near Calais in France; the operation is entirely self-contained, with connections near the two terminals to the respective national railway networks. Signalling and electric traction supply at 25 kV AC are also under Eurotunnel control. Train operation consists of shuttle trains conveying cars and coaches and other trains conveying heavy goods vehicles between the two terminals. Other trains using Eurotunnel infrastructure are operated by the respective owners.
The company awarded a contract for the construction of the tunnel to TransManche Link (TML). The tunnel cost around £9.5bn to build, about double TML's original estimate of £4.7bn. The tunnel was financed partly from investment by shareholders and partly from £8bn of debt, and was officially opened on 06 May 1994 by HM Queen Elizabeth II, and President François Mitterrand. In its first year of operation the company lost £925m because of disappointing revenue from passengers and freight, together with heavy interest charges on its £8bn of debt.

KM#632 21 ECUS. Year: 1993. Weight: 19.20g. Metal: 0.925 Silver. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.60 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. "GIBRALTAR" with Date written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. Reverse: "EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY" written at the top section. 13 European coins within center circle. Value "· 21 ECUS ·" written at the bottom. Mintage: 15,000 (estimated). Minted Years: One year type. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).

KM#498 21 ECUS. Year: 1995. Weight: 19.20g. Metal: 0.925 Silver. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.60 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. "GIBRALTAR" with Date written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. Reverse: 12 stars at the top section. Sitting Europe with Shields of Austria, Sweden and Finland in the center. Value "· 21 ECUS ·" written at the bottom. Mintage: 15,000 (estimated). Minted Years: One year type. Engravers: Raphael David Maklouf (Elizabeth portrait side).

 
ROYAL Coinage
 
1/25 Royal, 1/10 Royal, 1/5 Royal, 1/2 Royal and Royal gold coins were made since 1991 for Gibraltar. One Royal = 31.1035 g (1 ounce of 0.999 Gold). Different designs are made almost each year. These designs were mainly intended for gold but some designs were also made in Copper-Nickel (28.47g) and Silver (31.10g) as well.
 
Dog Designs:

KM#246 One Royal. Year: 1994. Weight: 28.55g [28.47g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: ""ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "GIBRALTAR" with date written at the right side clockwise. Reverse: Two Chinese characters written at the top section. Pekingese Dog face in the center. Value "1 ROYAL" written at the bottom below the horizontal line. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: Dog coin series. Engravers: Arnold Machin (Elizabeth portrait side).

The Pekingese (also known as the Lion Dog, Peking Lion Dog, Pelchie Dog, or Peke) is an ancient breed of toy dog, originating in China. They are called Lion Dogs due to their resemblance to Chinese guardian lions (the Shih Tzu is also known as a Lion Dog in Chinese). The breed was favored by royalty of the Chinese Imperial court as both a lap dog and companion dog, and its name refers to the city of Peking (Beijing) where the Forbidden City is located. The breed has several characteristics and health issues related to its unique appearance. Because of its desirable characteristics, the Pekingese has been part of the development of designer crossbreeds, such as the Peekapoo (crossed with a poodle) and Peke-a-tese (crossed with a Maltese). The Pekingese, originating from Western China, were proud companions of the Chinese Buddhist monks. These dogs are also found to be owned by Chinese princes.

KM#318 One Royal. Year: 1995. Weight: 28.50g [28.47g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: ""ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "GIBRALTAR" with date written at the right side clockwise. Reverse: Collie Dog sitting in the center. Value "1 ROYAL" written at the bottom below the horizontal line. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: Dog coin series. Engravers: Arnold Machin (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: This coin exists as KM#318a in 0.999 Silver (Mintage: 50,000 estimated) and as KM#318b in 0.999 Gold (Mintage: 1,000 estimated), each having weight 31.1 grams (One Ounce).

The collie is a distinctive type of herding dog, including many related landraces and standardised breeds. The type originated in Scotland and Northern England. The collie is a medium-sized, fairly lightly built dog, with a pointed snout. Many types have a distinctive white pattern over the shoulders. Collies are very active and agile, and most types of collies have a very strong herding instinct. Collie breeds have spread through many parts of the world (especially Australia and North America) and have diversified into many varieties, sometimes with mixture from other dog types. Some collie breeds have remained as working dogs, used for herding cattle, sheep and other livestock, while others are kept as pets, show dogs or for dog sports, in which they display great agility, stamina and trainability. While the AKC has a breed they call "Collie", in fact collie dogs are a distinctive type of herding dog including many related landraces and formal breeds. There are usually major distinctions between show dogs and those bred for herding trials or dog sports. They typically display great agility, stamina and trainability and more importantly sagacity. Common use of the name "collie" in some areas is limited largely to certain breeds – such as to the Rough Collie in parts of the United States, or to the Border Collie in many rural parts of Great Britain. Many collie types do not actually include "collie" in their name.

KM#365 One Royal. Year: 1996. Weight: 28.45g [28.47g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: ""ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "GIBRALTAR" with date written at the right side clockwise. Reverse: Bulldog sitting in the center. Value "1 ROYAL" written at the bottom below the horizontal line. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: Dog coin series. Engravers: Arnold Machin (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: This coin exists as KM#365a in 0.999 Silver (Mintage: 50,000 estimated) and as KM#365b in 0.999 Gold (Mintage: 1,000 estimated), each having weight 31.1 grams (One Ounce).

The Bulldog is a medium-sized breed of dog commonly referred to as the English Bulldog or British Bulldog. Other Bulldog breeds include the American Bulldog, Old English Bulldog (now extinct), Leavitt Bulldog, Olde English Bulldogge, and the French Bulldog. The Bulldog is a muscular, hefty dog with a wrinkled face and a distinctive pushed-in nose. The American Kennel Club (AKC), The Kennel Club (UK), and the United Kennel Club (UKC) oversee breeding records. Bulldogs were the fourth most popular purebreed in the United States in 2015 according to the American Kennel Club.

KM#561 One Royal. Year: 1997. Weight: 28.39g [28.47g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 38.50 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: ""ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. "GIBRALTAR" with date written at the right side clockwise. Reverse: Yorkshire Terrier dog standing facing left. Value "1 ROYAL" written at the bottom below the horizontal line. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: Dog coin series. Engravers: Arnold Machin (Elizabeth portrait side).

Note: This coin exists as KM#561a in 0.999 Silver (Mintage: 50,000 estimated) and as KM#561b in 0.999 Gold (Mintage: 1,000 estimated), each having weight 31.1 grams (One Ounce). KM#561a.1 exists in gold plated 0.999 Silver (Mintage: N/A estimated).

The Yorkshire Terrier is a small dog breed of terrier type, developed during the 19th century in Yorkshire, England, to catch rats in clothing mills. The defining feature of the breed is its maximum size of 7 pounds (3.2 kg), although some may exceed this and grow up to 15 pounds (6.8 kg). It is placed in the Toy Terrier section of the Terrier Group by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale and in the Toy Group or Companion Group by other kennel clubs, including the American Kennel Club. A popular companion dog, the Yorkshire Terrier has also been part of the development of other breeds, such as the Australian Silky Terrier. It has a grey, black, and tan coat, and the breed's nickname is Yorkie.

 
Cherubs Design:
 

KM#901 One Royal. Year: 2001. Weight: 31.10g [31.1035g]. Metal: 0.999 Gold. Edge: Reeded. Diameter: 32.70 mm. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Pobjoy Mint. Obverse: "ELIZABETH II" written at the left side clockwise. "GIBRALTAR" with Date written at the left side clockwise. Queen Elizabeth's portrait facing right in the center. Reverse: Two cherubs in the center. "Au. 1 oz." written below the cherubs. Value "ROYAL" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Minted Years: One year type. Engravers: Ian Rank-Broadley (Elizabeth portrait side).
 
 
Countries / Territories
 
Chiefa Coins