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Jordan |
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The eastern shore of the River Jordan and the Dead Sea, together with the
arid interior of northern Arabia west of Mesopotamia and south of Syria.
Territorial Disputes:
2004 Agreement settles
border dispute with Syria pending demarcation; Jordan hosts 2,242,579
Palestinian refugees, 657,445 Syrian refugees, 67,453 Iraqi refugees, 14,689
Yemeni refugees, and 6,149 Sudanese refugees (2019). |
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- House of Nahash
at Ammon
- Nahash..........................................fl.
c.1050's - 1000
- Hanun ben Nahash...............................................fl.
early 900's
- Israel................................................c. 980 - 928
- Sobi ben Nahash...................................early
- mid 900's
- The Northern
Kingdom of Israel...........................928 - c. 880
- Ruhubi.................................................870's
- 860's
- Ba'sha.........................................................fl.
c. 853
- Unknown Ruler(s)
- Budili (Assyrian
name; Ammonite name unknown)..................fl.
c. 740
- Shanip.........................................................fl. c. 735
- Assyria...............................................c. 715 - 585
- o Pado'el (Pudu'ilu)...........................................fl.
bfr. 701
o Kabus-Gabri..................................................fl. 680's
o * ELSM ? o Barak-el.....................................................fl. c. 675
o * MNHRN ? o Amminadab....................................................fl. c. 650
o Hissal'el I ben Amminadab....................................fl. c. 625
o Amminadab II ben Hissal'el...................................fl. c. 600
o Baalis............................................c. 590's - 585 o Milcomur.....................................................fl. c. 585
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- Kingdom of Kedar
(capital at Adumattu)
- Gindibu...............................................c.
870 - c. 850 BCE
- Gindibu, king of the Arab
forces at the battle of Karkar (853 BCE), fought by a coalition of 12
Levantine monarchs against Shalmaneser III of Assyria. Little else is known
of him or the Arabs of his time, but it is likely that he was from the
region of Kedar.
- 5 or 6 rulers, names
unknown
- Zabibe (female).......................................c.
750 - c. 735
- Samsil (female).......................................c.
746 - c. 710
- Iati'e (female).......................................c.
710 - c. 695
- Te'elkhunu (female)...................................c.
690 - 678 with...
- Hazail...................................................690
- 676 with...
- Tabua (female)........................................c.
678 - c. 675
- Yauta ibn Hazail.........................................676
- 652
- Abyate ibn
Teri..........................................652 - 644 opposed by...
- Ammuladi.......................................................c.
652 and also...
- Uayte ben Birdadda....................................c.
650 - c. 644
- Kedar was occupied by
Assyria in C. 644 - 610 BCE and under Babylon from 610 - 539 BCE.
Under Persia the Kedarite Bedawi kings were
made client rulers of much of southern Jordan as well as the Negev Desert.
- 4 or 5
client rulers, names unknown, 539 - c. 470.
-
Shahru (Shahr)...................................c. 470 - c. 450
-
Geshem (Gashmu) ben Shahr........................c. 450 - c. 430
-
Kaynau (Qaynu) bar Geshem........................c. 430 - c. 410
- 4 or 5
client rulers, names unknown, to 332 BCE.
- Kedar became
under Lihyan 323 - c. 250, Nabataea c. 250 BCE - 106 CE, Tayma 106 -
c. 630, Caliphate from c. 630 and then follow the general sequence.
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- Moab -
Moab is located in
south-central Jordan; the southeastern shore of the Dead Sea, together with
the interior; basically much of the modern province of al-Karak. The
Moabites were a West Semitic people very closely related to the Hebrews, and
normally at fierce odds with them.
-
Moab...........................................................c. 18th cent.
BCE
- Unknown Rulers
- Saraph.........................................................1400's
?
- Unknown Ruler(s)
- Sheth..........................................................late
1300's ?
- Zippor.........................................................fl.
c. 1300
- Balak..........................................................fl.
c. 1280 ?
- Unknown Rulers
- Eglon the
Corpulent............................................c. 1150
- Israel................................................c. 980 - 922
- Pahath-Moab the
Shilonite......................................mid 900's
- Unknown Ruler(s)
- The Northern
Kingdom of Israel........................c. 900 - c. 870
- DIBONITE
Dynasty
- Chemosh-Gyt......................................c.
900 - 870
- Mesha the
Great.......................................c. 870 - 840
- Salamanu.......................................................840
>
- Chemosh-Nadab
I................................................c. 800 ?
- Unknown Ruler(s)
- Chemosh-Nadab
II...............................................fl. c. 735
- Chemosh-Nadab
III..............................................fl. c. end of 700's
- Assyria...............................................c. 710 - 582
- Musuri....................................................fl.
c. 700
- Kamalshaltu......................................c. 668 - 633
- Unknown Rulers
- Chemosh-Haleth............................................fl. 590's
- Babylon..................................................582 - 539
- Persia...................................................539 - 332
- Most of this
area assigned to the Kedar, under Persian hegemony.
-
Macedonia................................................332 - 323
-
Nabataea.................................................323 - 106 CE
- The Roman
Empire.........................................106 - 395
- The Byzantine
Empire.....................................395 - 638
- The
Caliphate............................................638 - 868
-
Egypt....................................................868 - 1071
- The Seljuq
Empire.......................................1071 - 1104
- The Kingdom of
Jerusalem................................1104 - 1189
- Lordship of Outrejourdain (Krak
des Moabites) al-Karak is a province in the modern Kingdom, a roughly
rectangular swath of desert stretching from the southeast corner of the Dead
Sea, to the eastern frontier with Saudi Arabia. The town of Karak is still a
predominately Christian town; many of the families in the area trace their
ancestry back the the Crusaders. Not to be confused with the much
better-known Krak des Chevaliers (the center of the Hospitalers in southern
Syria), this castle of Krak des Moabites was built in the 1130's to dominate
the Crusader province of Outrejourdain (Trans-Jordan), a vague region with
the Jordan river to the west and an undefined frontier to the east. In it's
time it was one of the chief sources of wealth for the Crusader states,
inasmuch as it was positioned astride a main caravan route for Pilgrims
traveling to Makkah.
- de MONTREAL
- Roman de Puy......................................1118
- 1126
- Payen le Bouteiller de
Montreal...................1126 - 1147
- Maurice..................................................c. 1150
- de MILLY
- Philip............................................1161 - 1168
- Miles de Plancy.....................................
? - 1174
- Etiennette de Milly (female)...................c.
1174 - 1188 with...
- de CHATILLON
- Reynald the Wolf (Prince
of Antioch 1153-63)......1176
- 1187 and then...
- Reynald of Chatillon was
the most infamous of the Crusading knights. Even by the violent standards of
the day he was considered cruel, and to the Muslims he seemed evil
incarnate. His history of violating treaties, raiding caravans and
slaughtering noncombatants made him so notorious that when he was finally
captured by Saladin, the usually-merciful Sultan personally beheaded him.
- von TORON
- Humfried von Toron................................1187
- 1188
- Egypt..................................................1189 - 1517
- al-Nasr Daud (Emir
of Karak)....................1230's
- 1240's
- general
sequence afterwards...
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JORDAN |
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- Peraea under
various Canaanite peoples..................c.1800 - 1300's BCE
- The area of Transjordan along the eastern bank of
the Jordan River, between the Sea of Galilee and the Dead Sea. The main
cities in ancient times were Amathus and Betharamphtha. The main city in
modern times is al-Salt, which was the original capital of Jordan before the
government was moved to the new railroad hub of Amman.
- Ben Ammi (at
Ammon)..............................................c.
18th cent. BCE
- Ammon is located in north-central Jordan, and based on what is now the capitol of
Amman. The Ammonites were a West Semitic folk quite closely related to
Hebrews and Moabites.
-
Ishmael ben Abraham (at
Kedar)...................................1600's
-
Kedar ben Ishmael (at
Kedar)
- In Biblical historiography, Kedar was the second
son of Ishmael. The Kedarites were a nomadic Arabic tribe, the Bedouins
generally, living in the deserts of eastern Syria and Jordan. They were
known for living in tents made of black goat hair and made a living by
raising goats and raiding sedentary populations in the Levant.
- Pella under
Egypt......................................c. 1500 - 1230
-
An exceedingly ancient city in northeast Jordan, on the Jordan River.
- Ayyab.......................................................1400's
- Mutbaal ben Labayu..........................................mid
1300's
- Mutbaal was the son of
Labayu, the Canaanite warlord who tried to carve out an empire in the
Samarian highlands. Like his father he was accused of hiring mercenaries
from "among the Hapiru"- i.e., Hebrews.
- Apiru-Anu...................................................fl.
c. 1250
- Incursions by various
West Semitic peoples; mostly within Peraea thereafter.
- Sihon the Amorite (at
Heshbon and Peraea)........................early
1200's
- Israel..................................................c. 980 - 928
- The Northern
Kingdom of Israel.............................928 - c. 880
- Assyria.................................................c. 715 - 585
- The Nabatu -
A nomadic Arabic people
inhabiting the northern part of Arabia and Transjordan, about whom little is
known. This Arab nation (South Semitic) originating from the deserts in the
south at some time before 312 BCE. Assyrian sources indicate that they were
close associates of the Kedarites.
- Nabayot ibn Ishmael (Eponymous
folk-ancestor
- Natnu...........................................................fl.
650's
- Nuhuru ibn Natnu
- Babylon................................................c. 585 - 539
- Tobiah I [at
Philadelphia (Amman)].........................fl.
c. 580's
-
Mati-il (at
Dedan)................................c.
580 - c. 565
-
Kabaril ibn Mati-il (at
Dedan)....................c.
565 - c. 550
-
Nabonidus (at
Teima)..............................c.
550 - 539
- Persia....................................................539 - 332
- Tobiah II [at
Philadelphia (Amman)]........................fl.
c. 520's
- Tobiah III [at
Philadelphia (Amman)].......................fl.
mid 400's
- Macedon...................................................332 - 305
-
Gerasa (Jarash) under Ptolemaic Egypt control..........c. 300 - c. 198
- The Antigonid
Empire......................................305 - 301
- The Seleucid
Empire.......................................301 - 110
- Tobiah IV [at
Philadelphia (Amman)]........................fl.
c. 270
- Tobiah V [at
Philadelphia (Amman)].........................fl.
c. 200
- Judea..................................................c. 160
- 63
- Philadelphia (Amman) in c.
160 only. Peraea 160 - 27 BCE.
- Timotheus [at
Philadelphia (Amman)].......................
? - 160
- Hyrcanus [at
Philadelphia (Amman)].............................mid
100's
- Zoilus Cotylas (Tyrant
of Philadelphia).................120s
- 110's
- Mostly within the
Dekapolis..............................110 - 85
- Gerasa (Jarash)
till 63 BEC.
- Theodoros (Tyrant
of Philadelphia)............late
100s - early 1st c. BCE
- Zeno Cotylas
(Tyrants of Gerasa)..........................fl. 60's
- Theodoros (Tyrants
of Gerasa).............................fl. 60's
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- The later Kingdom of Nabataea
- The Nabataean civilization which left rich
archaeological remains at Petra, one of the New Seven Wonders of the World
located in the Ma'an Governorate. The Rulers of Nabataea, reigned over the
Nabataean kingdom (also rendered as Nabataea, Nabatea, or Nabathea),
inhabited by the Nabateans, located in present-day Jordan, southern Syria,
southern Israel and north-western Saudi Arabia. The ruler names are given
below are in two forms - the first is the correct Arabic form, the next,
parenthesized, is the typically encountered Hellenized form.
- Harithath (Aretas)
I..................................c. 169 - c. 150 BCE
- Two kings, the second one perhaps named ar-Rabil.
- Harithath (Aretas)
II.................................c. 110 - 96 with...
- Erotim................................................c.
110 - c. 100
- Ubaidah (Obodas)
I.....................................c. 96 - c. 85
- ar-Rabil (Rabbel)
I....................................c. 85 - c. 84
- Harithath III (Aretas
III Philhellen)..................c. 84 - C. 59
- He was recognised by Rome in 62 BCE.
- Ubaidah (Obodas)
II....................................c. 62 - c. 59
- His existence is uncertain until recently;
probably ruled a few months.
- Maliku (Malichus)
I....................................c. 59 - c. 30
- Ubaidah (Obodas)
III......................................30 - 09
- Harithath IV (Aretas
IV Philopatris)..................09 BCE - 40 CE
- He married firstly to Ḥuldo and then secondly to
Šagīlat (Shuqailat).
- Maliku (Malichus)
II......................................40 - 70 with...
- Shakilat II (female;
wife of Malichus II)..............c.
40 - c. 60
- ar-Rabil II (Rabbel
Soter)................................70 - 106 with...
- Gamilat (female;
wife of Rabbel II Soter)..............c.
71 - 90 and...
- Maliku (Malichus)
III..........................................106
- In 106, during the reign of Roman emperor Trajan,
the last king of the Nabataean kingdom Rabbel II Soter died. That might have
prompted the official annexation of Nabataean Kingdom to the Roman Empire as
Roman province of Arabia Petraea, but the formal reasons and the exact
manner of annexation are unknown.
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Meshorer Nabataean 112-114 / SNG ANS 1438-1443
Bronze Piece. Year:
ND (20 - 40 CE). Weight:
3.94g. Metal:
Bronze.
Diameter: 18.15 mm. Edge:
Plain. Alignment:
Rotated (11 o' clock). Mint:
Petra. Obverse:
Aretas and Shuqailat conjoined / jugate draped
busts, both facing right. Aretas at the left with long hair and
Shuqailat to the right. Both busts within circle.
Reverse: Crossed
Cornucopias in the center. Aramaic legends in three lines, "Aretas" at
the top line, "Shuqailat" at the lower two lines. All details
within circle.
Mintage: N/A.
Minted Years: N/A.
Ruler: Aretas IV,
with his wife Shuqailat (9 BCE - 40 CE). |
Note: Aretas was also at
one time the father-in-law of Herod Antipas (the Herod before whom Jesus
appeared the night before the crucifixion). This coin sample is more
well-centered than many; both faces are complete, as is the reverse
legend. Great example with attractive Levant patina. |
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- Some parts under The Maccabaean Kingdom...........c. 100 BCE - 63 BCE
- The Roman Republic....................................63 BCE - 27 BCE
- The Roman Empire......................................26 BCE - 261 CE
- Some parts within Judaea.........................30 BCE - 04 BCE
- Some parts within Galilee........................04 BCE - 39 CE
- Simon of Peraea...........................................04 BCE opposed
by...
- Simon, a slave of Herod the Great, claimed the kingship of Israel after
the death of his master. He led a revolt which culminated with the burning
of Jericho. Thereafter Herodian and Roman forces hunted him down and
exterminated his followers.
- Herod Antipas (Tetrarch of Galilee)............04 BCE - 39 CE
- Herod Agrippa I (Batanaea 37-44; Galilee 40-44)....40 - 44
- The Palmyran Kingdom.....................................261 - 271
- The Roman Empire.........................................271 - 395
- Tanukh Dynasty
- An Arab tribal kingdom of the second through fourth centuries CE. The
Tanukhids were a Christian tribe, originally from South Arabia, who settled
in northern Arabia, eastern Jordan and southern Syria. They were the
dominant Arabian foederati of Rome until their displacement by the Salihids
around the year 400.
- Gadhimat
- Mawiyya "The Queen of the Arabs" (female)......................fl. c.
373
- The Byzantine Empire.....................................395 - 529
- Kingdom of GHASSAN
- A Byzantine client state utilized as a buffer against the Persian client
at Hirah. It's rulers were granted the title of Patricius, but were gravely
harassed by their erstwhile patrons in that they professed Monophysite
Christianity instead of Alexandrian orthodoxy, and encouraged the Syrian
Church. This suppression was a factor in Muslim victories in the 7th
century.
- AMRID
- Jafnah I ibn Amr......................................220 - 265
- Amr I ibn Jafnah......................................265 - 270
- Tha'labah ibn Amr.....................................270 - 287
- al-Harith I ibn Th'alabah.............................287 - 307
- Jabalah I ibn al-Harith I.............................307 - 317
- al-Harith II ibn Jabalah "ibn Maria"..................317 - 327
- al-Mundhir I Senior ibn al-Harith II..................327 - 330 with...
- al-Aiham ibn al-Harith II.............................327 - 330 and...
- al-Mundhir II Junior ibn al-Harith II.................327 - 340 and...
- al-Numan I ibn al-Harith II...........................327 - 342 and...
- Amr II ibn al-Harith II...............................330 - 356 and...
- Jabalah II ibn al-Harith II...........................327 - 361
- Jafnah II ibn al-Mundhir I............................361 - 391 with...
- al-Numan II ibn al-Mundhir I..........................361 - 362
- al-Numan III ibn Amr ibn al-Mundhir I.................391 - 418
- Jabalah III ibn al-Numan..............................418 - 434
- al-Numan IV ibn al-Aiham..............................434 - 455 with...
- al-Harith III ibn al-Aiham............................434 - 456 and...
- al-Numan V ibn al-Harith..............................434 - 453
- al-Mundhir II ibn al-Numan............................453 - 472 with...
- Amr III ibn al-Numan..................................453 - 486 and...
- Hijr ibn al-Numan.....................................453 - 465
- al-Harith IV ibn Hijr.................................486 - 512
- Jabalah IV ibn al-Harith..............................512 - 529
- al-Harith V ibn Jabalah...............................529 - 569
- al-Mundhir III ibn al-Harith..........................569 - 581 with...
- Abu Kirab al-Numan ibn al-Harith......................570 - 582
- al-Numan VI ibn al-Mundhir............................582 - 583
- al-Harith VI ibn al-Harith..................................583
- al-Numan VII ibn al-Harith Abu Kirab..................583 - ?
- Byzantine Empire directly.............................584 - 638
- al-Aiham ibn Jabalah.............................. ? - 614
- al-Mundhir IV ibn Jabalah........................614 - ?
- Sharahil ibn Jabalah.............................. ? - 618
- Amr IV ibn Jabalah...............................618 - 628
- Jabalah V ibn al-Harith..........................628 - 632
- Jabalah VI ibn al-Aiham..........................632 - 638
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- Prophet Muhammad's
elected successors...................638 - 661
-
Umayyad
Caliphate.......................................661 - 750
-
Abbasid
Caliphate.......................................750 - 868
- Egypt (Tulunid
Dynasty).................................868 - 905
-
Abbasid
Caliphate.......................................905 - 935
- Egypt (Ikhshidid
Dynasty)...............................935 - 969
- Egypt (Fatamid
Dynasty).................................969 - 1071
- The Seljuq
Empire......................................1071 - 1154 and
- Gerasa (Jarash)
under Burid Damascus...................1104 - 1154 and with..
- some parts under
The Kingdom of Jerusalem..............1098 - 1144
- Gadara (Umm Qays) under
Kingdom of Jerusalem from 1124.
- Egypt (Fatamid
Dynasty)................................1144 - 1171
- Egypt (Ayyubid
Dynasty)................................1171 - 1253
- Egypt (Bahri Mamluq)...................................1253
- 1390
- Egypt (Burji Mamluq)...................................1390
- 1517
-
Ottoman
Empire.........................................1517 - 1918
- British
Mandate.................................25 Sep 1918 - 25 May 1946
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1517 Part of the Ottoman Empire.
17th cent. Ottoman rule lapses.
1867 Direct Ottoman rule
restored.
1893 Karak a separate district,
attached to Damascus.
25 Sep 1918 British occupy Amman.
12 May 1920 Part of British mandate of Palestine.
Aug 1920 British create autonomous local administrations
at Ajloun,
Salt and Karak (or Moabite Government)
11 Apr 1921 Emirate of Transjordan (under British mandate).
23 May 1923 British recognize Transjordan as a separate state
(Emirate of Transjordan).
25 May 1923 Transjordan formally separated from Palestine.
May 1925 Aqaba and Ma'an districts of Hejaz become part
of Transjordan.
28 Feb 1928 British recognize Transjordan mandate as independent, but
maintain a protectorate.
22 Mar 1946 End of British mandate.
25 May 1946 Hashemite Kingdom of Transjordan.
17 Jun 1946 Britain formally recognizes independence.
03 Apr 1949 Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan.
24 Apr 1950 Jordan annexes the West Bank and East Jerusalem
(occupied since May 1948).
14 Feb 1958 - 14 Jul 1958 Federation with Iraq (Arab Union).
06 Jun 1967 - 12 Jun 1967 West Bank and East Jerusalem occupied by
Israel.
31 Jul 1988 Abandons claim to the West Bank and East Jerusalem. |
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Currency: |
Before 1949, Jordan used the
Palestinian pound as its currency. The dinar was introduced at par with this
pound. The Jordanian dinar is divided into 10 dirham, 100 qirsh (also called
piastres) or 1000 fils. Dinar = 10 dirhams = 100
piastres (qirsh) = 1000 fils.
The Jordanian dinar continued to be used in the West
Bank along with Israeli currency after Israel took control of it in 1967. During
Israel's hyperinflation in the 1970s and 1980s, the Jordanian currency provided
stability. Until 1992, coins were denominated in Arabic using fils, qirsh,
dirham and dinar but in English only in fils and dinar. Since 1992, the fils and
dirham are no longer used in the Arabic denominations and the English
denominations are given in dinar and either qirsh or piastres. |
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Click on the links provided on below
Rulers to view coinage used in their era. |
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- HASHEMITE
- From 25 May 1923 - 25 May 1946, title: Amir Sharq al-Urdunn
(Emir of Transjordan; titular from 29 Mar 1921) and from 25 May 1946 onwards
as Malik al-Mamlaka al-Urduniyya al-Hashimiyya (King of the Hashemite
Kingdom of Jordan).
-
Abdullah I bin
al-Hussein.......................11 Apr 1921 - 20 Jul 1951
- He was the second of three sons of Sherif Hussein
bin Ali, Sharif and Emir of Mecca. Between 1916 to 1918, working with the
British guerrilla leader Lieutenant Colonel Thomas Edward Lawrence, he
played a key role as architect and planner of the Great Arab Revolt against
Ottoman rule. Ruled as Emir under British mandate. He became King on 25 May
1946 upon Jordan's independence. On 20 July 1951,
Abdullah, while visiting Al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem, was shot dead by a
Palestinian. On 16 July, Riad Bey al-Solh, a former Prime Minister of
Lebanon, had been assassinated in Amman, where rumors were circulating that
Lebanon and Jordan were discussing a joint separate peace with Israel.
Abdullah during the incident was with his grandson, Prince Hussein.
- Chief British Representatives
- Albert Abramson (British
Adviser)..........27
Mar 1921 - Oct 1921 d. 1944
- Thomas Edward Lawrence
(acting)...............Oct
1921 - Dec 1921 d. 1935
- Harry St. John Bridger
Philby.................Dec 1921 - Apr 1924 d. 1960
- Charles Henry Fortnom
Cox.....................Apr 1924 - 20 Feb 1928 d. 1953
- British Residents
- Charles Henry Fortnom
Cox..................20 Feb 1928 - Mar 1939
- From 11 May 1937, he became known as Sir Charles
Henry Fortnom Cox.
- Alec Seath Kirkbride..........................Mar
1939 - 17 Jun 1946 d. 1978
- Naif bin Abdullah (Regent)......................20
Jul 1951 - 05 Sep 1951
- He was the youngest son of King Abdullah. Naif
became regent of Jordan on July 20, 1951, following the assassination of
Abdullah, because his brother, Crown Prince Talal, was reportedly suffering
from poor health known as schizophrenia (mental disorder) at Switzerland.
- Talal bin
Abdullah..............................05 Sep 1951 - 11 Aug 1952
- He was forced to abdicate in favour of his son
Hussein due to health reasons. He died in Istanbul on 07 July 1972.
-
Hussein bin Talal...............................11
Aug 1952 - 07 Feb 1999
- He recognized Israel in 1994, becoming the second
Arab head of state to do so. Just before his death, on 25 January 1999,
Hussein made a constitutionally allowable change to his will, disinheriting
the heir-apparent of several decades, his brother Hassan, in favor of his
eldest son Abdullah.
- Regency
Council
- Ibrahim Hashim (ex-Prime
Minister).........04
Jun 1952 - 02 May 1953
- In 1958 he was working on the
newly-established union between Jordan and Iraq and traveled to Baghdad
with Minister of Defense Suleiman Tukan and Minister of State for the
External Affairs Khlusi Al Khairi. Their party was attacked by
revolutionaries near the Baghdad airport, and Hashem and Tukan were
killed.
- Suleiman Toukan (Minister
of Defense)......04
Jun 1952 - 02 May 1953
- Abdul Rahman
Rusheidat.....................04 Jun 1952 - 02 May 1953
- Amira Zain al-Sharaf
(female)..............04
Jun 1952 - 02 May 1953
- She chaired the Regency Council. She was the
Queen of Jordan, wife of King Talal and the mother of King Hussein.
- Regent
- Hassan bin Talal...........................14
Jul 1998 - 19 Jan 1999
- Abdullah II bin
Hussein....................06 Feb 1999 - 07 Feb 1999
-
Abdullah II bin
Hussein.........................07 Feb 1999 - date
- Approximately two million Iraqis have fled the
conflict in Iraq, with the majority taking refuge in Syria and Jordan; 2004
Agreement settles border dispute with Syria pending demarcation. On 03
October 2020, King Abdullah II accepts the resignation of Prime Minister
Omar al-Razzaz. On 07 October, the king asks Bisher Khasawneh with forming a
new cabinet. In the new government sworn in on 12 October, Khasawneh is also
defense minister and Tawfiq Halalmeh becomes interior minister, while
Foreign Minister Ayman Safadi and Finance Minister Muhammad al-Ississ keep
their posts.
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- Prime ministers
- Political parties were banned: 25 Apr 1957 -
01 Sep 1992.
- Rashid Tali'a......................................11
Apr 1921 - 15 Aug 1921 d. 1926
- Muzhar al-Raslan (1st
time)........................15
Aug 1921 - 10 Mar 1922 d. 1948
- Ali Rida al-Rikabi
(1st time -
Military)...........10
Mar 1922 - 01 Feb 1923 d. 1943
- Muzhar al-Raslan (2nd
time - acting)...............01
Feb 1923 - 05 Sep 1923
- Hassan Khalid
Abul-Huda (1st
time).................05
Sep 1923 - 03 May 1924 d. 1936
- Ali Rida al-Rikabi
(2nd time -
Military)...........03
May 1924 - 26 Jun 1926
- Hassan Khalid
Abul-Huda (2nd
time).................26
Jun 1926 - 22 Feb 1931
- Abdullah as-Sarraj.................................22
Feb 1931 - 18 Oct 1933 d. 1949
- Ibrahim Pasha
Hashim (1st
time)....................18
Oct 1933 - 28 Sep 1938 d. 1965
- Tawfiq Pasha
Abul-Huda (1st
time)..................28
Sep 1938 - 15 Oct 1944 d. 1956
- Samir Pasha al-Rifai
(1st time)....................15
Oct 1944 - 19 May 1945 d. 1965
- Ibrahim Pasha
Hashim (2nd
time)....................19
May 1945 - 04 Feb 1947
- Samir Pasha al-Rifai
(2nd time)....................04
Feb 1947 - 28 Dec 1947
- Tawfiq Pasha
Abul-Huda (2nd
time)..................28
Dec 1947 - 12 Apr 1950
- Sa`id Pasha
al-Mufti (1st
time)....................12
Apr 1950 - 04 Dec 1950 d. 1989
- Samir Pasha al-Rifai
(3rd time)....................04
Dec 1950 - 25 Jul 1951
- Tawfiq Pasha
Abul-Huda (3rd
time)..................25
Jul 1951 - 05 May 1953
- From 04 Aug 1952, he became known as Tawfiq
Abul-Huda.
- Fawzi al-Mulqi.....................................05
May 1953 - 04 May 1954 d. 1962
- Tawfiq Abul-Huda (4th
time)........................04
May 1954 - 30 May 1955
- Sa`id al-Mufti (2nd
time)..........................30
May 1955 - 15 Dec 1955
- Hazza` al-Majali (1st
time)........................15
Dec 1955 - 21 Dec 1955 d. 1960
- Ibrahim Hashim (3rd
time - acting).................21
Dec 1955 - 09 Jan 1956
- Samir al-Rifai (4th
time)..........................09
Jan 1956 - 22 May 1956
- Sa`id al-Mufti (3rd
time)..........................22
May 1956 - 01 Jul 1956
- Ibrahim Hashim (4th
time)..........................01
Jul 1956 - 29 Oct 1956
- Suleiman an-Nabulsi................................29
Oct 1956 - 13 Apr 1957 d. 1976
- Abdul Halim an-Nimr................................13
Apr 1957 - 15 Apr 1957
- Hussein Khalidi....................................15
Apr 1957 - 24 Apr 1957 d. 1962
- Ibrahim Hashim (5th
time)..........................24
Apr 1957 - 18 May 1958
- Samir al-Rifai (5th
time)..........................18
May 1958 - 06 May 1959
- He was Head of the Jordan provincial cabinet
to 14 Jul 1958.
- Hazza` al-Majali (2nd
time)........................06
May 1959 - 29 Aug 1960
- Bahjat al-Talhouni
(1st time)......................29
Aug 1960 - 28 Jan 1962 d. 1994
- Wasfi al-Tall (1st
time)...........................28
Jan 1962 - 27 Mar 1963 d. 1971
- Samir al-Rifai (6th
time)..........................27
Mar 1963 - 21 Apr 1963
- Sharif Hussein ibn
Nasir (1st time)................21
Apr 1963 - 06 Jul 1964 d. 1982
- Bahjat al-Talhouni
(2nd time)......................06
Jul 1964 - 14 Feb 1965
- Wasfi al-Tall (2nd
time)...........................14
Feb 1965 - 04 Mar 1967
- Sharif Hussein ibn
Nasir (2nd time)................04
Mar 1967 - 23 Apr 1967
- Saad Jumaa ibn
Muhammad............................23 Apr 1967 - 07 Oct 1967 d. 1979
- Bahjat al-Talhouni
(3rd time)......................07
Oct 1967 - 24 Mar 1969
- Abdul Munim al-Rifai
(1st time)....................24
Mar 1969 - 13 Aug 1969 d. 1985
- Bahjat al-Talhouni
(4th time)......................13
Aug 1969 - 27 Jun 1970
- Abdul Munim al-Rifai
(2nd time)....................27
Jun 1970 - 16 Sep 1970
- Muhammad Daoud.....................................16
Sep 1970 - 26 Sep 1970 d. 1972
- Ahmad Toukan.......................................26
Sep 1970 - 28 Oct 1970 d. 1981
- Wasfi al-Tall (3rd
time)...........................28
Oct 1970 - 28 Nov 1971
- Ahmad al-Lawzi.....................................29
Nov 1971 - 26 May 1973 d. 2014
- Zaid al-Rifai (1st
time)...........................26
May 1973 - 13 Jul 1976
- Mudar Badran (1st
time)............................13
Jul 1976 - 19 Dec 1979
- Sharif Abdul Hamid
Sharaf..........................19 Dec 1979 - 03 Jul 1980 d. 1980
- Qassim al-Rimawi...................................03
Jul 1980 - 28 Aug 1980 d. 1982
- Mudar Badran (2nd
time)............................28
Aug 1980 - 10 Jan 1984
- Ahmad Abdel
Obeidat................................10 Jan 1984 - 04 Apr 1985
- Zaid al-Rifai (2nd
time)...........................04
Apr 1985 - 27 Apr 1989
- Sharif Zaid ibn
Shaker (1st
time)..................27
Apr 1989 - 04 Dec 1989 d. 2002
- Mudar Badran (3rd
time)............................04
Dec 1989 - 19 Jun 1991
- Taher al-Masri.....................................19
Jun 1991 - 21 Nov 1991
- Sharif Zaid ibn
Shaker (2nd
time)..................21
Nov 1991 - 29 May 1993
- Abdul Salam al-Majali
(1st time)...................29
May 1993 - 07 Jan 1995
- Sharif Zaid ibn
Shaker (3rd
time)..................07
Jan 1995 - 04 Feb 1996
- Abdul Karim al-Kabariti............................04
Feb 1996 - 19 Mar 1997
- Abdul Salam al-Majali
(2nd time)...................19
Mar 1997 - 20 Aug 1998
- Fayez Tarawneh (1st
time)..........................20
Aug 1998 - 04 Mar 1999
- Abdul Rauf al-Rawabdeh.............................04
Mar 1999 - 19 Jun 2000
- Ali Abu al-Ragheb..................................19
Jun 2000 - 25 Oct 2003
- Faisal
al-Fayez....................................25 Oct 2003 - 07 Apr 2005
- Adnan Badran.......................................07
Apr 2005 - 27 Nov 2005
- Marouf al-Bakhit (1st
time)........................27
Nov 2005 - 25 Nov 2007
- Nader Dahabi.......................................25
Nov 2007 - 14 Dec 2009
- Samir al-Rifai.....................................14
Dec 2009 - 09 Feb 2011
- Marouf al-Bakhit (2nd
time)........................09
Feb 2011 - 24 Oct 2011
- Awn Shawkat al-Khasawneh...........................24
Oct 2011 - 02 May 2012
- Fayez Tarawneh (2nd
time)..........................02
May 2012 - 11 Oct 2012
- Abdullah Ensour....................................11
Oct 2012 - 01 Jun 2016
- Hani Mulki.........................................01
Jun 2016 - 14 Jun 2018
- Omar al-Razzaz.....................................14
Jun 2018 - 12 Oct 2020
- Bisher al-Khasawneh................................12
Oct 2020 - date
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